Youtube daily report Jul 17 2018

By now, there have been so many remakes, reboots, and unnecessary sequels to our favorite 80s

action movies that it's inevitable some of them are going to be pretty subpar.

But there's plenty of reason to believe The Predator will do right by its predecessors.

Stacked with top-shelf talent both in front of and behind the camera, The Predator is

neither a direct continuation of the original films nor a total reboot.

Set in the same universe, it's trying a story that's completely new, and unlike the Alien

vs. Predator movies, it actually looks kind of good.

Here's why we think The Predator will blow us away.

Resistance is futile

The alien hunters of the original Predator movies are, to put it mildly, pretty formidable

warriors.

They're strong, fast, can camouflage themselves, and have weapons capable of blasting a hole

the size of a watermelon in Jesse Ventura's torso.

If that was all the heroes of the new film had to face, things would be tough enough.

But the extraterrestrial hunters of the new film appear to be next-level specimens, and

they don't just hunt for the thrill of it.

This time around, the Predators have genetically upgraded themselves with DNA from other species,

assimilating their prey.

It's a development which seems to imply that, like the cybernetic Borg of Star Trek fame,

the Predators now absorb the strengths of their conquered.

If the Predators end up with more diverse upgrades than just "the same, but bigger,"

fans might get to enjoy puzzling out which species they get their new powers from.

We know the hunters have encountered the xenomorphs of the Alien franchise, after all.

Imagine if a Predator had acid blood, or, even scarier, a baby mouth inside its regular

mouth?

After three movies and two crossovers, we'd finally see true horror.

Evolution of the hunt

The new Predator is being directed by Shane Black, the famed screenwriter behind Lethal

Weapon who came to fame in the late 80s.

His sharp dialogue is a highlight of even his weakest screenplays.

He's also proven himself to be a capable director, getting behind the camera for Iron Man 3,

Kiss Kiss Bang Bang, and The Nice Guys.

He even has a little insight into the franchise he inherited, being with it from the start.

He actually appeared as an actor in the original Predator, a bit part, since the Predator chose

his character as a first target.

During a talk with Collider, Black gave some indication of exactly how his new Predator

would pay respect to what came before while improving on it at the same time.

Black said,

"We just tried to take the existing mythology and take it a step further.

Ask some questions about why?

Why do Predators do what they do?

What would be the next step for them?

How do we up the stakes so that there's not just a single Predator hunting a group

of soldiers?"

Black's comments paint a picture of a new class of predator that's more ambitious than

audiences are used to, implying that the aliens aren't just out for sport this time.

Their goals now may be closer to world domination.

A different kind of cast

The original Predator focused on a group of elite soldiers on a rescue mission.

Despite how capable each soldier was, most of the times the Predator killed off one of

them when they were separated from the team.

If Dutch and the gang weren't trying to outdo each other's machismo and

had better group chemistry and camaraderie, the Predator wouldn't have had such a staggering

body count by the end of the movie.

That likely won't be a problem with The Predator.

Cast member Sterling K. Brown has praised the movie for fostering a sense of, quote,

"real camaraderie."

No doubt this is partially due to the script and Black's direction, but the movie's also

got a unique cast with some unexpected players that we can't wait to see bounce off of each

other.

Some of the more out-there actors to see in a Predator movie include Alfie Allen from

Game of Thrones, comedian Keegan-Michael Key, and Trevante Rhodes from Moonlight, the 2017

Best Picture winner.

Even young Jacob Tremblay from Room will apparently play a big part in fending off the Predators,

due to an ability to quickly learn languages.

While the first Predator movie was all testosterone, this is a cast that can approach the material

from different directions, from the dramatic, to the childlike, to the wickedly funny.

"Would you let me date your daughter?"

"Of course!"

Witty weirdness

While the first Predator movie can be an amusing watch today, it's not necessarily funny on

purpose, finding laughs in over-the-top machismo rather than actual jokes.

That looks like it'll be different in this new installment too, since Sterling K. Brown

has also identified the movie as having a "wicked sense of humor."

It's not only Black who deserves credit for that.

The Predator's script was co-written by Black and Fred Dekker, who previously collaborated

on the horror-comedy cult classic The Monster Squad.

(the greatest movie line you'll hear all day)

In other words, we're expecting this movie to get weird, and considering how ridiculous

this franchise has already gotten in the past, that's saying something.

The Busey legacy

If you're concerned that this new movie may neglect the past, one of the few characters

we have confirmed details about should set your mind at ease.

Cast member Jake Busey has confirmed his role in The Predator is the son of Peter Keyes,

the character his father Gary Busey played in 1990's Predator 2.

An agent from the top-secret Other World Lifeforms Taskforce, Keyes was a G-man who got his hands

dirty, hunting and fighting the formidable City Hunter with the help of some clever technology.

He put in a pretty good effort, too, before the predator got the fatal upper hand.

We don't know a lot about Jake Busey's role in The Predator yet, only that he's shared

an on-set picture of himself in a lab coat, and described his character as a doctor.

Maybe Keyes' son ended up in the same branch of government as his father, working more

on the egghead side of things.

Either way, you can bet one of two things will happen in this pseudo-sequel, either

the Predators will claim another Keyes family member, or this son of a Busey is gonna pay

off nearly 30 years of patience with some glorious revenge.

"Guess who's back?"

For more infomation >> Why The Predator Will Blow You Away - Duration: 5:38.

-------------------------------------------

The Mystery of the Eocene's Lethal Lake - Duration: 8:34.

47 million years ago, the world was a hothouse.

Lush jungles covered much of the globe, stretching far from the equator, and they were rife with

mammals.

This was life in the Eocene Epoch.

And around a quiet lake in what's now Germany, a typical scene was unfolding in late spring.

Crocodiles patrolled the waters.

Bats and birds flew overhead.

Horses, many of them pregnant, came by for a drink.

And turtles were … having turtle sex.

But then, all of these animals died, and quickly, tumbling down to their final resting place

at the bottom of the lake.

Then it happened again.

And again, probably over thousands of years.

In time, the lake filled with corpses.

No one would discover this eerie scene until the 1800's, when miners began working in

exposed deposits of mud, near the town of Messel, Germany.

They were extracting oil from the rock.

And along with the oil, they found phenomenal fossils from those events 47 million years

ago.

The fossils were so beautifully preserved, it was as if the rocks had captured snapshots

of life in the Eocene.

The fossils contained early mammals with their hair still intact, birds with feathers, and

turtles that died right in the middle of mating, the first known vertebrates found to have

fossilized while doing the deed.

What a way to go.

But what happened to these Eocene animals?

And why were their remains so exquisitely preserved?

The answers lie at the bottom of Germany's lethal lake.

The fossil pit at Messel is one of the world's best examples of a Lagerstätte, an area of

especially amazing fossil preservation.

It may sound like some kind of beer, but Lagerstätte means "storage place", and in the lake

deposits of Messel, it's not just bones that were stored away.

Take the holotype of Darwinius, an early lemur-like primate.

Not only are all of its bones present in Messel, but the fossil also has a full body of hair

still intact, proving it was just as cute and fuzzy as you might have guessed.

Or look at the fossils of the early horse Eurohippus, some of which still have leaves

preserved in their guts.

Eight of the Eurohippus specimens found at Messel were pregnant, and their fetuses were

preserved as well.

Still other fossils reveal black outlines of animals' bodies impressed into the rock,

showing pudgy bellies, big ears, and sleek silhouettes in a way that bones alone never

could.

But it's not just the level of preservation that sets Messel apart.

Even more interesting are the types of animals preserved there.

Some of the earliest known bat fossils anywhere come from Messel, preserved as full skeletons

with the outlines of wings and ears.

These beautiful specimens have shown paleontologists that bats started looking like bats a very

long time ago – and that echolocation developed much earlier than we once thought.

And bats aren't the only flying animals that show up.

One of the most common animals found in Messel are birds, complete with feathers that have

melanosomes -- the cellular structures that contain pigment -- still intact.

So far, Messel has turned up 70 species of birds, and 8 species of bats, which is an

incredible abundance of these kinds of animals that tend not to fossilize very well.

But perhaps even stranger than the flying animals are the turtles.

Maybe it doesn't sound strange to find fossil turtles in a big lake deposit, but it's

pretty strange to find nine sets of them fossilized in the middle of mating.

So, what happened to the turtles and the horses?

How did so many birds and bats fall into a lake?

And how are all of these things preserved so perfectly, with so much of their bones,

feathers, and fur in place?

Well, one clue is that, in order for the turtles to have fossilized while mating, they must

have died really quickly.

And in order to preserve flying animals like birds and bats, the event would've had to

affect not just those in and around the lake, but also those that lived above it.

So, one possible explanation for all of this is that there was a big bloom of cyanobacteria.

We see this happen sometimes in lakes today.

Cyanobacteria can grow out of control in warm, nutrient-rich water, and release chemicals

so toxic that any animal that ingests them dies almost instantly.

Blooms of cyanobacteria are also seasonal, and there's some indication that many of

the fossilized animals at Messel died during late Spring or early Summer that's when modern

horses tend to be pregnant, and when modern turtles tend to mate.

And these kinds of bacterial blooms could have killed birds and bats, if they drank

the toxic water.

This explanation, proposed by German scientists in 2004, is a good one.

But there's still one big problem: those turtles.

After all, these were aquatic turtles.

They lived in this lake, and presumably ingested its water all the time.

Cyanobacteria would have killed them long before they had a chance to mate.

And even more troublesome, there's plenty of algae preserved in the lake, but there's

no fossil evidence of cyanobacteria.

So if it wasn't cyanobacteria, then what was it?

Well, that relates back to the lake itself, and why it was there in the first place.

Lake Messel formed in a steep-sided volcanic crater called a maar.

We know this because the base of the lake is full of the broken volcanic rock that typically

fills a crater after a major eruption.

So, the crater filled with water.

But that didn't mean the volcano was done erupting.

Some scientists think that what happened at Messel is similar to what happened at another

Maar, called Lake Nyos in Cameroon, West Africa in 1986 -- it was an eruption of carbon dioxide.

Volcanic gases can be instantly deadly, and eruptions of carbon dioxide are known in Swahili

as mazukus or evil winds – invisible clouds of gas that asphyxiate anything in their path.

A sudden release of CO2 would have choked out anything in the water, as well as anything

by the water, and anything above the water – from mating turtles, to pregnant horses,

to bats, all at the same time.

And Mazukus can happen in a couple of different ways.

For example, the magma chamber that made the crater of Lake Messel could have just released

a whole bunch of CO2 all at once, like a big, nasty volcanic burp.

And this can happen if magma comes in contact with carbon-rich rocks.

Or, Messel could have undergone what's known as a limnic eruption, where CO2 that was dissolved

in the lake water was suddenly released.

CO2 dissolves in water, which is normally not a problem.

But in deep, still-water lakes, dissolved gases can separate into layers, in a process

called stratification.

Heavy gases, like CO2, will sink to the bottom of the lake, while lighter gases, like oxygen,

will stay close to the top.

This is what most likely happened at Lake Nyos in 1986.

A thick layer of dissolved carbon dioxide built up at the bottom of the lake.

And then something shook up the layers of gas in the water, causing the CO2 to race

to the surface and eventually form a Mazuku.

The trigger could've been an underwater landslide, or an earthquake, or a large amount

of water entering the lake at once, like during a big flood.

We're still not totally sure what caused Lake Nyos to erupt, and we definitely don't

know what triggered the lake at Messel.

But because the fossils of Messel were preserved over long periods of time, it seems likely

that Mazukus struck there more than once.

After each release of carbon dioxide, the animals in and around the lake died.

Then the gas slowly built up again in the water, until something disturbed it, and the

cycle of death happened all over again.

But Mazukus would have only killed the animals of Messel.

They didn't preserve them.

The reason the animals were so well preserved was because of the chemistry of the lake itself.

Once the animals died, they sunk into the still, cold, CO2-rich waters at the bottom

of the lake.

With so much CO2 and so little oxygen, the lake bottom wasn't habitable, which kept

scavengers from disturbing the corpses.

That's why so many fossils are preserved as articulated skeletons.

But anaerobic bacteria could thrive in this environment, and they got to work.

Harder tissues like hair, feathers, and bones were more resistant to the bacteria, but the

bacteria could eat away at the soft tissues, like skin, muscles, and organs.

Then, the chemical byproducts of this decay reacted with dissolved iron in the oxygen-poor

waters to create a mineral called siderite.

This mineral slowly settled onto the bacteria and preserved them in place, leaving a layer

of siderite around the organs and soft tissues.

Then, this layer became filled with oily organic material, and over time, it created dark shadowy

haloes around fleshy tissues like skin and organs.

Finally, all of this material fossilized into the rocks that those miners found, millions

of years later.

Small particles of mud and clay drifted down to cover the remains.

As the layers built up, their weight compressed the fossils and dirt into thin layers called

varves.

Some layers built up at only a hundredth of a millimeter a year, an entire year of sediment

crammed into a layer that's thinner than a page of your favorite novel.

And there are a lot of varves in Messel.

In fact, there's a varve for each of the approximately 1 million to 1 and a half million

years of deposition that occurred there about 47 million years ago.

These thin pages of oily muck captured not just the death of the animals, but also how

they lived, what they ate, and – quite literally- who they loved.

So it was the truly remarkable combination of all of these steps – rapid death, followed

by bacterial decay, then siderite, and oil, and the formation of varves – that preserved

the beautiful fossils found in the Messel Pit.

And that's also why Lagerstätten are so rare.

They're the sum of dozens of just-right conditions, which don't happen every day.

So when we do find a lagerstatte, we have to protect it.

And at first, the Messel pit was excavated for one specific type of fossil: the fossilized

algae that had long since turned into oil, permeating the spaces between grains of mud,

to form oil shale.

But when mining stopped in the 1970's, the German government considered turning the pit

into a garbage dump.

Thankfully, a group stepped in, to keep the complex and beautiful story of Messel -- which

began with that peaceful scene 47 million years ago -- from being lost forever, to time

and trash.

Thanks for joining me today, and thanks to all of our patrons who help make these videos

possible.

And we want to thank our first two eontologists, Duncan Miller and David Rasmussen.

Thank you so much for your support!

If you'd like to join them, head over to patreon.com/eons and pledge for some neat

and nerdy rewards.

And, if you're interested, like I am, in how things came to be, then I beseech you

to check out our new sister channel from PBS Digital Studios, America From Scratch, which

which explores all of the opportunities, both past and future, of the great experiment that is

America.

Now, what do you want to know about the history of life on Earth?

Let me know in the comments!

And if you haven't already, be sure to go to youtube.com/eons and subscribe!

For more infomation >> The Mystery of the Eocene's Lethal Lake - Duration: 8:34.

-------------------------------------------

Preview: The Biggest Upset Ever | Season 2 Ep. 6 | THE FOUR - Duration: 0:47.

For more infomation >> Preview: The Biggest Upset Ever | Season 2 Ep. 6 | THE FOUR - Duration: 0:47.

-------------------------------------------

Primitive Technology: Wood Ash Cement - Duration: 3:54.

Eucalyptus tree (any tree will do)

Fallen bark and leaves

The kiln

Hot coals

Burning a lot of material for its ash

Ash falls through grate

Fine white ash with nearly no charcoal in it

Adding ash to water

Stir well

Tip off excess water containing potash

Retain the paste which contains the insoluble calcium hydroxide and calcium carbonate

Compress into pellet

Take it to the forge (a kiln would also do on a larger scale)

Heat the pellet to an orange heat

Extract the pellet and let it cool

Slake pellet in water

Stir

Crush up old terracotta tiles (from previous project)

Add terracotta as aggregate (sand or gravel may also work though I've only tested this type)

Form into shape

Here's one I prepared 3 days earlier

It has set hard

Most importantly it will not dissolve in water

Wood ash cement

For more infomation >> Primitive Technology: Wood Ash Cement - Duration: 3:54.

-------------------------------------------

TIN NÓNG TRONG NGÀY 18/07/2018 - DÙNG TIỀN VÀ TRANG SỨC HỐI LỘ TƯỚNG CÔNG AN VN - TIN TỨC VIỆT NAM - Duration: 47:01.

For more infomation >> TIN NÓNG TRONG NGÀY 18/07/2018 - DÙNG TIỀN VÀ TRANG SỨC HỐI LỘ TƯỚNG CÔNG AN VN - TIN TỨC VIỆT NAM - Duration: 47:01.

-------------------------------------------

MealPal expands into Asia despite trade concerns - Duration: 4:18.

For more infomation >> MealPal expands into Asia despite trade concerns - Duration: 4:18.

-------------------------------------------

Torrential Rains Turn Streets Into Rushing Rivers - Duration: 1:25.

For more infomation >> Torrential Rains Turn Streets Into Rushing Rivers - Duration: 1:25.

-------------------------------------------

CPD releases body camera after video of officer using force on suspect goes viral - Duration: 2:28.

For more infomation >> CPD releases body camera after video of officer using force on suspect goes viral - Duration: 2:28.

-------------------------------------------

US companies are shipping goods before they're hit with tariffs: report - Duration: 3:20.

For more infomation >> US companies are shipping goods before they're hit with tariffs: report - Duration: 3:20.

-------------------------------------------

What's the Best Position to Sleep In? - Duration: 4:25.

SciShow is supported by Skillshare.

Right now Skillshare is offering SciShow viewers two months of unlimited access

to over 20,000 classes for free.

[INTRO]

Every night, when you turn out your light and pull up the covers, there's a good chance

you settle into the same sleeping position.

If you're like most people, you sleep on your side, with your knees

tucked up in the fetal position.

But lots of people also sleep on their back, sprawled out on their stomach, or twisted

up around three pillows and a stuffed animal.

But is one of those positions better than the others?

There's a lot of pseudoscience out there, but the real answer is... well, it depends.

If you're dozing off without a problem and not waking up with weird aches and pains,

your setup is probably okay.

But if you have some complaints, the way you sleep could be the issue.

For example, sleeping on your right side seems to aggravate heartburn.

None of the sample sizes were huge, but a handful of studies have shown that people

lying on their right side after eating high-fat meals had higher acid levels in their esophagus.

We don't really know why that is, but some scientists think sleeping on that side relaxes

the valve connecting your stomach and esophagus — the valve that normally keeps stomach

acid where it belongs.

So if you struggle with heartburn, it might be worth rolling over.

As a bonus, sleeping on your left side may also improve circulation, although focused

studies haven't really looked at it.

Your body returns blood to your heart from the right side, so sleeping on the left means

those vessels aren't being compressed by your body weight.

Left-side sleeping is also recommended for people who are pregnant.

Better blood-flow means more blood and nutrients to the placenta.

It also keeps the growing uterus from compressing the liver, which is on the right.

Sleeping on your side might also be good for your brain — at least, if we're anything

like mice.

Using MRI scans, a 2015 study in the Journal of Neuroscience found that eight rats sleeping

on their right side cleared waste from their brains more efficiently than seven rats on

their stomach or nine on their back.

Side-sleeping is the most common in mice, just like it is with humans, and the authors

speculated that animals may have evolved to sleep like this because it's the best way

to clear brain waste.

But until we replicate this study in people, it's probably not worth shaking up your

routine.

Now, side sleeping has its pros and cons, but if there's any position that's the

worst, it's probably sleeping on your stomach.

This puts pressure on your entire body and doesn't let the spine sit naturally.

And if you turn your face sideways to breathe, that also awkwardly contorts your neck.

So, if you wake up feeling sore, and you sleep on your stomach, it might be something to

think about.

If this is really your jam, though, a flatter pillow can at least help reduce neck strain.

On the flip side — literally — sleeping on your back puts your spine in a neutral

position, so it can be good for back pain.

It also keeps your head elevated on a pillow, where gravity can keep stomach acid out of

your esophagus and cut down on heartburn.

But sleeping on your back with your head on a pillow also makes your neck flex forward,

which tightens your airway and makes it harder for air to pass through.

That can make snoring and sleep apnea — a condition that causes breathing to stop and

start during sleep — more severe.

Ultimately, though, the best sleeping position seems to depend on the person.

If you're pregnant or snore, some might be more beneficial than others.

But in general, if you're comfortable, whatever sends you off to dreamland best is probably

perfectly fine.

And one great way I've found to get a solid night's sleep is to be tired from learning

and trying new things.

Skillshare is perfect for that.

With over 20,000 classes, you'll never run out of things to learn, but the classes still

feel small and personal.

Through Skillshare you have access to teachers who are experts in their field, like best-selling

author and award-winning educator Peggy Dean, who teaches calligraphy, botanical line drawing,

and how to price your work as a freelancer.

Just to name a few.

Skillshare is always adding new features, like Skillshare Talks where teachers pull

back the curtain on how they approach their work.

One reason we at SciShow connected with Peggy Dean was because of her Skillshare Talk about

how when you're interested in something, whether it's fire dancing, or the best position

to sleep in, you just want to research and learn more and more.

So to get 2 months of Skillshare membership for free and to check out Peggy Dean and all

the other great teachers, click on the link in the description.

And let us know what classes you take!

[ Outro ]

For more infomation >> What's the Best Position to Sleep In? - Duration: 4:25.

-------------------------------------------

Julianne Hough's Marriage Is A Bit Odd, And Here's Why - Duration: 3:46.

Actor, singer, and dancer Julianne Hough has had her share of high-profile relationships,

including a year-long romance with country star Chuck Wicks that ended in 2009, and a

relationship with TV and radio personality, Ryan Seacrest, that lasted three years before

it went up in flames in 2013.

But things changed when the former Dancing with the Stars judge met NHL player, Brooks

Laich, in 2014.

A year later, the two were engaged — and the couple tied the knot in an outdoor Idaho

wedding in 2017.

Like all relationships, this one is full of quirks that make it unique.

Here are a few things about Julianne Hough's marriage that set it apart.

Type-A baby fever

Less than a year after Hough walked down the aisle, she was already gushing about married

life.

She dished on her hopes for the future, telling ET,

"I've had baby fever since I was, like, five.

I've always wanted to be a mom.

Every time I see a baby, my ovaries start screaming."

But the couple are trying their best to take things slow.

"We both wanted four and now we're like, 'Let's just take it one at a time.'"

Indoor "adventures"

This couple has jetted all across the globe together, from Paris to the Seychelles.

They even went on an African safari for their 2017 honeymoon, with Hough blogging,

"We were warned not to get up or move while in the [safari] truck because once [the animals]

see you have legs, they might look at us like lunch."

But for Laich, who, on his Instagram, says he's an adventurer, life with Hough is way

less risky.

The homebody told ET,

"We randomly will have a date night at the house and have a great conversation over dinner."

Hough went on to say that they only really go out on the town when they're feeling "adventurous."

Back to the future

Hough is clearly fond of pondering life with Laich in the future.

And it's not just in her head — it's in the media.

She told ET,

"I cannot wait to even imagine [and] to feel the kind of love I have for him in 20 years

or 30.

It's gonna be so deep and like I'm just, yeah."

Granted, Hough's friends describe her as, quote, "the most excited person to be married

ever!"

So her fixation on the future, instead of just living in the moment, is classic Julianne

Hough.

Best.

Relationship.

Ever.

Since the moment she danced into his heart, Hough has had high hopes for their romance.

Laich told InStyle,

"At the start of our relationship, Jules was like, 'I want the best effin' relationship

ever.'

I wanted the same thing; she just verbalized it."

According to Hough, the "best relationship" is one that has the non-stop feeling of butterflies

in her tummy, widely known as the "honeymoon phase."

Most couples eventually transition out of this lovey-dovey period, but Hough told the

mag,

"I hope we're in the honeymoon stage forever.

Really, you can create whatever phase you want, and I think we both realize that the

life that we want to live is the honeymoon phase."

We wish them the best, but we hope she's not too disappointed if the butterflies fly away.

Pic or it didn't happen

Those who follow the pair on social media are accustomed to seeing every pivotal moment

of their lives played out, online.

Including the photo Laich snapped at the exact moment he asked Hough to be his girlfriend.

He wrote: "Three years ago today I asked this incredible woman to be my girlfriend, this

is the photo we took right after I asked her!"

OK, #Adorbs, but does everything need to be shared?

Thanks to loads of pics like these, we're feeling the Insta T.M.I.

Brought to you by Juicy Fruit

Long before they ever met, Laich saw a 2008 Juicy Fruit gum commercial, starring Hough.

According to Cosmo, he asked his friend, actor Teddy Sears,

"Where do I meet a girl like that?"

Then, years later, Sears and Hough starred in the 2015 horror flick, Curve.

Sears invited Laich out to L.A., and the pro hockey player joked,

"What are you going to do, hook me up with that Juicy Fruit starlet?"

Little did Laich know, the woman from that commercial would become his wife.

"Juicy Fruit, the taste is gonna, gonna, gonna, move ya."

For more infomation >> Julianne Hough's Marriage Is A Bit Odd, And Here's Why - Duration: 3:46.

-------------------------------------------

IMMORTAL!!!!! TOP 20 SPEC/LION/VS STREAM 9AM PST - Duration: 3:01:28.

For more infomation >> IMMORTAL!!!!! TOP 20 SPEC/LION/VS STREAM 9AM PST - Duration: 3:01:28.

-------------------------------------------

Phone Hack with Sherri Shepherd - Duration: 2:15.

Hey Sherri, How you doin' I'm good how are you can we hack your phone absolutely

what's the first app you check when you wake up

Instagram what's the last song you straightened the last song I stream was

Toni Braxton long as I live would you rather FaceTime or text I brother

FaceTime when I have my wig and my makeup boy who was the last celebrity

you called it was Oprah Winfrey cuz I was just breathing on the phone trying

to make sure the number still works what's the last thing you googled the

last thing I googled was how to kidnap Idris Elba and it turned out that

everybody is googling that shows the last selfie you took you want to see the

last selfie ok I'm was trying to see if my butt look can you go live on your IG

and tell all your followers to check this video out on Wendy show calm you

know oh this isn't mine so you want me to say what can you tell all your

followers to check out your phone hack on Wendy show calm hey everybody's

Sherri Shepherd I am at Wendy's show you may have seen me right now just a few

minutes ago I'm Wendy and I want you to go to the Windy show live hag and check

it out cuz I'm on there bye they're looking at me they like me okay do I end

it or do it okay I gotta go I'm at winning I'm gonna save it okay I gotta

go go talk to Wendy bye just don't never work when you try to

end it I swear I'm good

okay thank you so much for tuning into Phonak and please watch my show second

season trial-and-error on NBC this Thursday and if you're in Los Angeles

come to the comedy Union on Friday if you're in New York come to West Nyack at

levity live on Wednesday night I'm headlining if you're in San Francisco

in the beginning of August come to cops comedy club because I just want to make

you laugh

For more infomation >> Phone Hack with Sherri Shepherd - Duration: 2:15.

-------------------------------------------

The Evolution of Robin (Dick Grayson) | Yellow Spandex #20 | NowThis Nerd - Duration: 10:09.

Holy Yellow Spandex, Batman!

I'm Andrew, and on this week's episode,

we're looking at the boy wonder who put the 'kick' in 'sidekick:'

The first Robin and eventual Nightwing, Richard 'Dick' Grayson.

He's made some questionable fashion choices over the years,

but can you blame him? The dude was raised by Batman.

Stuff your advice, Batman! You and your stone cold heart! You don't know how I feel! How could you?!

Still, he's become an icon in his own right,

so today, we're bringing you

The Evolution of Dick Grayson

We start, as always, with the

Comics.

For the first year of his career, Batman was a grim and gritty solo act,

but co-creators Bill Finger and Bob Kane wanted to lighten up their Dark Knight.

A young sidekick would make him more appealing to kids and, more importantly,

give the World's Greatest Detective someone to talk to while he's hunting for clues.

Holy false imprisonment!

Robin was introduced as 'the sensational character find of 1940,'

and his youthful enthusiasm was the perfect contrast for the experienced, angsty caped crusader.

His name and swashbuckling attitude were inspired by Errol Flynn's 'The Adventures of Robin Hood,'

which also provided the slightly medieval style of his first costume.

The young acrobat's colorful uniform was the polar opposite of the black and grey Batsuit,

with green chainmail trunks and pixie boots,

a shirt colored red just like the birds of the same name,

and a teeny yellow cape to compliment his partner's dark, flowing cloak.

The original Robin costume went unchanged for 44 years,

and as Dick gradually aged,

it started looking a bit ridiculous.

His Earth-2 counterparts had moved on to grown-up costumes,

but the real Dick was still trapped in the same uniform he wore when he was eight.

Gosh. Darn.

The New 52 retconned the Robin suit to be a little more practical,

with a full-body red and green outfit to replace the skimpy classic.

But Robin is just a relic of Dick Grayson's past,

and after four decades in the shadow of the Bat, he finally established his own identity as

Nightwing

In the '80s, Marv Wolfman and George Perez solidified the Teen Titans as one of DC's top super teams.

Maybe we oughtta show him who he's up against.

He's totally gonna freak this time.

'The New Teen Titans' formed the basis for all Titans media to follow,

from the amazing 2000's cartoon,

to the upcoming live-action series.

It introduced characters like Cyborg, Raven and Starfire,

and brought some much needed character development to their leader, Dick Grayson.

After realizing he was no longer the bouncing Boy Wonder he pretended to be,

Dick hung up his green booties and created an identity all his own.

Well, not entirely his own.

'Nightwing' was actually inspired by a Silver Age Superman story,

Where Clark Kent and Jimmy Olsen fought crime under the aliases of Nightwing and Flamebird.

Their costumes were nothing to write home about,

but even the height of '60s Supercheese was more stylish than what George Perez whipped up for Dick's debut as Nightwing.

You'd think he'd would want to leave the garish colors of his Robin costume behind,

but his original Nightwing suit was just as outrageous,

with a bright yellow feathers on baby blue motif,

topped off a with hard deep V and the most popped of collars.

Dick got a makeover at the beginning of the 'Knightfall' storyline,

with a streamlined version of the Perez suit that traded in the gaudy disco design for a rad '90s mullet.

Ooh, that's a righteous mullet!

After Bane broke the Bat,

Dick wore a badass new uniform designed by future 'Black Panther' artist Brian Stelfreeze.

The new suit added escrima sticks to Dick's arsenal,

tamed the mullet into a manageable ponytail,

and simplified the older design into a single blue wing that extended to his fingertips.

This look lasted until he once again donned the cape and cowl in Grant Morrison's 'Batman and Robin' for the first time.

After the New 52 reboot, Dick switched things up with a red color scheme and Batman-style gauntlets,

before going back to blue for his current costume.

It's got a slightly thinner logo and a lighter facemask,

but the most important elements are still front and center,

and by that, I mean behind.

Nearly 80 years after his creation,

Dick has become an unlikely sex symbol.

Who would have thought it with a name like Richard.

As a subversion of the male gaze-mandated poses that plague women superheroes,

artists began to draw Nightwing with the same exaggerated, objectified style.

Y'know, when you see a woman on the cover of her own comic book and she's showing her butt?

Dick Grayson's doing it too.

And today, Dick Grayson's butt has taken on a life of its own,

with an entire fandom devoted solely to his gorgeous glutes.

Talkin' bout that Bat butt!

Even as a plainclothes cop or secret agent,

Dick's butt always steals the show,

but outside of the idealized world of comic books,

Grayson also left an impression in

Live Action

Robin first appeared on the big screen in two 1940's serials,

and while the suit was fairly accurate to the comic,

the low production values and lackluster casting made it look like something from Party City.

In the '60s TV series, Burt Ward brought a campy charm to the character,

Holy Merlin magician! Get set for a shock!

but even at the tender age of 19, he still looked a little old to be wearing the classic costume,

which is why he wore flesh-colored tights to avoid the pesky problem of shaving his legs.

Still, network censors at the time had a problem with the tight spandex,

leading to heated battles over his bulge.

Don't be put off by them, ma'am. Under this garb, we're perfectly ordinary Americans.

Robin sat out the '89 'Batman' film,

but he was originally planned to appear in 'Batman Returns.'

Marlon Wayans was cast to play Dick Grayson,

Holy guacamole, Batman!

and despite being cut from the crowded movie,

he still gets residuals to this day.

Good for him!

For Robin's blockbuster debut in 'Batman Forever,'

Leonardo DiCaprio was considered for the role,

but he turned it down after one meeting with director Joel Schumacher,

Instead, he cast 25-year-old Chris O'Donnell as the Boy Wonder.

Schumacher's bat nipples and molded rubber should have been a dream for Dick Grayson superfans,

but O'Donnell never sold me in the role,

Holy rusted metal, Batman!

The ground, it's all metal! It's full of holes, y'know? Holy!

although his costume was actually pretty cool.

It was based on Tim Drake's modernized uniform designed by Neal Adams,

with long green tights and a black cloak replacing the bare legs and canary yellow cape.

This would be the template for most modern Robins,

but Tim deserves an episode of his own,

and we've still got a lot of Grayson to gab about.

So... Wait for it.

In 'Batman and Robin,' Dick returns with a new uniform that's essentially a black and red version of his Nightwing suit from the comics.

He's still referred to as Robin, and he's still got a big-ass cape,

but this is the closest we've come to seeing his other identity in live action.

And before you ask, no, I do not count Joseph Gordon Levitt as Robin.

That was a really crappy way to incorporate him, and it doesn't work.

You should use your full name. I like that name. Robin.

Thanks.

It's not a middle name!

And even if it is, just screw off!

Move on.

Robin will return in the upcoming 'Titans' series,

and from what we've seen so far,

his suit looks like an elaborate, armored version of the classic red and green costume,

along with Tim Drake's black and yellow cape.

It might be a little bulky for someone raised as a trapeze artist,

but I'll withhold my judgment until I see it in action.

In the meantime, let's wrap up with a quick look at Dick Grayson in

Cartoons

Robin stuck close to his comic book design in early animated outings like the Filmation 'Batman' show and 'Superfriends,'

and in 1992, Dick Grayson appeared in 'The Animated Series,'

once again wearing Tim Drake's uniform.

After the series changed styles, Dick was replaced by the younger Robin,

and made his TV debut as Nightwing.

What are you doing here?

Oh, just following the pattern of obsessive behavior instilled in me at an early age.

Bruce Timm's minimalistic take on the blue-on-black '90s design,

along with a maximalist mullet,

was a lot more stylized than Bat-fans were used to,

but it was nothing compared to the anime makeover he received courtesy of Glenn Murakami's 'Teen Titans.'

The art-style made expert use of Robin's expressive eye-mask,

and while it was never explicitly confirmed to be Dick Grayson,

the series dropped subtle hints throughout.

Robin?

I haven't used that name in a long time. Call me Nightwing.

Robin wore variations of his 'Teen Titans' costume through subsequent series like 'The Batman' and the chibi spinoff 'Teen Titans Go!,'

while 'The Brave and the Bold' paid tribute to several different eras of the Boy Wonder's career.

Meanwhile, 'Young Justice' dropped the green entirely for an all-red look,

before Dick graduated to an armored-up Nightwing in season two.

Let's just say that after running this team for a year, I'm peckish for a little action.

Sadly, there's not enough time to cover (or watch, frankly) the dozens of straight-to-DVD animated films featuring Dick Grayson,

but I do want to give a shout out to the 'Lego Batman Movie' for giving us a very different take on the boy wonder.

I already have a catchphrase! 'Tweet tweet, on the street!'

Hard pass.

And a song! 'Fly, Robin, fly!'

Harder pass. Now slide!

With his red hair and glasses,

the Lego Robin is the spitting image of Carrie Kelley from 'The Dark Knight Returns,'

one of the many, many Robins inspired by the original.

But like Jason Todd, Tim Drake, Stephanie Brown, Damian Wayne,

and everyone else who's worn the red and yellow,

they all owe a huge debt of gratitude to the brave Boy Wonder who led the way.

Holy Yellow Spandex, Batman!

I'm Andrew, and this week,

we're looking at the boy wonder who put the 'kick' in 'sidekick:'

The first Robin, Richard 'Dick' Grayson.

From his youth as The Dark Knight's partner,

to leading the Teen Titans,

and his solo struggles as Nightwing,

Dick's made some questionable fashion choices over the years,

but can you blame him? The dude was raised by Batman.

Still, he's become an icon in his own right,

so we're chronicling his design evolution on Yellow Spandex,

only at NowThis Nerd

CTA:

Thanks for watching everybody,

which Robin should we cover next?

Should we talk about Jason Todd and his time as the Red Hood?

Tim Drake's revolutionary Robin?

Or do you demand Damian Wayne?

Leave a comment, let us know,

Please subscribe to NowThis Nerd,

and if you see Dick Grayson,

don't take that butt for granted.

For more infomation >> The Evolution of Robin (Dick Grayson) | Yellow Spandex #20 | NowThis Nerd - Duration: 10:09.

-------------------------------------------

Soldier surprises mom after serving three years in the Army - Duration: 9:46.

For more infomation >> Soldier surprises mom after serving three years in the Army - Duration: 9:46.

-------------------------------------------

North Port toddler dies after being found in canal - Duration: 1:01.

For more infomation >> North Port toddler dies after being found in canal - Duration: 1:01.

-------------------------------------------

Hijos de Chiqui Delgado y Sofía Vergara hablan de consejos de sus madres - Duration: 3:22.

For more infomation >> Hijos de Chiqui Delgado y Sofía Vergara hablan de consejos de sus madres - Duration: 3:22.

-------------------------------------------

Encontramos a CNCO en Arizona - Duration: 19:33.

For more infomation >> Encontramos a CNCO en Arizona - Duration: 19:33.

-------------------------------------------

Zarelea Figueroa, hija de Joan Sebastian, se casó | Suelta La Sopa | Entretenimiento - Duration: 1:52.

For more infomation >> Zarelea Figueroa, hija de Joan Sebastian, se casó | Suelta La Sopa | Entretenimiento - Duration: 1:52.

-------------------------------------------

How I knew I was different... | Pride Rewind Tag - Duration: 5:22.

What's up everyone! My name is Ashley Wylde and welcome to my channel. Today I'm

going to do the Pride Rewind Tag, while I try not to die from overheating. I was

tagged to do the Pride Rewind Tag by Rachel Anne aka hotpinksun, who's a

badass person, super awesome YouTuber, and a rad disability advocate, so if you're

not subscribed to her, I mean... obviously. Link in the description or click on the

cards. I just got a new haircut and I realized that for me a haircut is like...

such a confidence booster, so I'm really feeling like I'm on level 10 right now,

so let's get into these questions. Question 1:

I identify my sexuality as queer, and I also identify as asexual, and for my gender

I identify as a nonbinary, and for me personally that is under the trans

umbrella. Question 2:

From such a young age I

just had a very loud and distinct preference for women. Whether it was

members of my extended family, or babysitters, or teachers, I just really

kind of shied away from being around men and boys, and I really kind of warmed up

and snuggled up to the women in my life. And like in a weird way I don't even

know if that has that much to do with my queerness, but I think that is something

that other people were reading as somehow related when I did later come

out. And like once I started getting loud enough to actually voice my preferences,

I was so against wearing "girly" clothes. Like my mom- or even just girly

expression at all- my mom was really wanting to like, curl my hair, and put me

in dresses for family photos, and I was like yeah, that's not...

um... that's not gonna fly, like maybe we could do something else. My brothers are wearing

button-down shirts, why can't I wear what they're wearing? I was probably about

seven the first time that I really stood my ground on that, and it didn't really

get me that far but I did get to wear a sweater instead of a dress and even

though the sweater HIDEOUS, it was way better than wearing a dress, so that was

my first "W" between me and mom. Question 3:

This is interesting because I remember this

moment really, really clearly. When I was nine-years-old I had a best friend and

she and I did absolutely everything together; we were constantly having

sleepovers every weekend, we would walk each other's dogs together and like, ride

scooters and braid hair and do all the things that children do at the age of

nine, and I remember I had this moment where I was thinking to myself... I don't

think other people feel about their best friends the way I feel about my best

friend. And when I had that thought this kind of panic came over me, I remember it

was like a whole-body panic and I just thought like, "what does this mean? what

"does this mean?" I knew people that were talked about as being lesbians, and I

knew that that was not a positive connotation and so there was a degree to

which I was like, "is that me? And if it is, am I ready to handle that?" Question 4:

I was assigned female at birth so

I grew up being called a girl, I had "other girls" around me, and I think the

first time I really remember hearing anything about queerness at all it was

this notion that, "some girls like other girls." I probably heard it for the first

time in third or fourth grade, and then around fifth grade I was starting to be

like... "okay, maybe... I feel this way." I had a friendship that

was very bordering on romantic where we kissed and hugged and cuddled, and that

was something that was so positive to me. And then by the time that I hit middle

school, I actually met someone who openly identified themselves to me as being

bisexual and I was like, "whoa, whatever you are, that's what I am!" That was the

first time I realized, not that LGBTQ people existed, but that I was undeniably

one of them. I was 12, and that is when I came out. Number 5:

This is so easy because I was so bent out of shape about

her for so many years and it's actually hilarious because, I'm just so not even

attracted to this person at all anymore... or even like, people who are even similar

to her? Like she just has this particular type of look that I don't tend to go or

anymore? But the answer is Hayden Panettiere. I watched Heroes with my

family and I was like, "who is this badass chick doing this badass stuff... and can

"she be my girlfriend?" I also I became like mildly let's say... fixated on Hayden

Panettiere for a while and there's this movie that she's in called I Love You

Beth Cooper. Still to this day I own I Love You Beth Cooper on DVD because I

just have a weird nostalgic tie to the Hayden Panettiere Era. It's almost... I feel

like almost embarrassed to say that it was Hayden Panettiere but it was true, and uh -

it lasted, that period lasted for most of my teen years. Okay, last question,

Number 6: tag four people to do the tag. I'm going to tag Ashe of MarsupialPudding.

I am going to tag Christian Covington, yiggity. I'm going to tag

NeonFiona, and lastly I will tag... you. I hope you all choose to do the tag, I'd

love to hear about your first experiences with queerness. I will see

you all very soon. Buh-bye!

For more infomation >> How I knew I was different... | Pride Rewind Tag - Duration: 5:22.

-------------------------------------------

Ford B-MAX EcoBoost100PK Titanium Navigatie Camera - Duration: 1:13.

For more infomation >> Ford B-MAX EcoBoost100PK Titanium Navigatie Camera - Duration: 1:13.

-------------------------------------------

Koopappartement: Bataviastraat 71 B, Amsterdam - Duration: 0:52.

For more infomation >> Koopappartement: Bataviastraat 71 B, Amsterdam - Duration: 0:52.

-------------------------------------------

The Mystery of the Eocene's Lethal Lake - Duration: 8:34.

47 million years ago, the world was a hothouse.

Lush jungles covered much of the globe, stretching far from the equator, and they were rife with

mammals.

This was life in the Eocene Epoch.

And around a quiet lake in what's now Germany, a typical scene was unfolding in late spring.

Crocodiles patrolled the waters.

Bats and birds flew overhead.

Horses, many of them pregnant, came by for a drink.

And turtles were … having turtle sex.

But then, all of these animals died, and quickly, tumbling down to their final resting place

at the bottom of the lake.

Then it happened again.

And again, probably over thousands of years.

In time, the lake filled with corpses.

No one would discover this eerie scene until the 1800's, when miners began working in

exposed deposits of mud, near the town of Messel, Germany.

They were extracting oil from the rock.

And along with the oil, they found phenomenal fossils from those events 47 million years

ago.

The fossils were so beautifully preserved, it was as if the rocks had captured snapshots

of life in the Eocene.

The fossils contained early mammals with their hair still intact, birds with feathers, and

turtles that died right in the middle of mating, the first known vertebrates found to have

fossilized while doing the deed.

What a way to go.

But what happened to these Eocene animals?

And why were their remains so exquisitely preserved?

The answers lie at the bottom of Germany's lethal lake.

The fossil pit at Messel is one of the world's best examples of a Lagerstätte, an area of

especially amazing fossil preservation.

It may sound like some kind of beer, but Lagerstätte means "storage place", and in the lake

deposits of Messel, it's not just bones that were stored away.

Take the holotype of Darwinius, an early lemur-like primate.

Not only are all of its bones present in Messel, but the fossil also has a full body of hair

still intact, proving it was just as cute and fuzzy as you might have guessed.

Or look at the fossils of the early horse Eurohippus, some of which still have leaves

preserved in their guts.

Eight of the Eurohippus specimens found at Messel were pregnant, and their fetuses were

preserved as well.

Still other fossils reveal black outlines of animals' bodies impressed into the rock,

showing pudgy bellies, big ears, and sleek silhouettes in a way that bones alone never

could.

But it's not just the level of preservation that sets Messel apart.

Even more interesting are the types of animals preserved there.

Some of the earliest known bat fossils anywhere come from Messel, preserved as full skeletons

with the outlines of wings and ears.

These beautiful specimens have shown paleontologists that bats started looking like bats a very

long time ago – and that echolocation developed much earlier than we once thought.

And bats aren't the only flying animals that show up.

One of the most common animals found in Messel are birds, complete with feathers that have

melanosomes -- the cellular structures that contain pigment -- still intact.

So far, Messel has turned up 70 species of birds, and 8 species of bats, which is an

incredible abundance of these kinds of animals that tend not to fossilize very well.

But perhaps even stranger than the flying animals are the turtles.

Maybe it doesn't sound strange to find fossil turtles in a big lake deposit, but it's

pretty strange to find nine sets of them fossilized in the middle of mating.

So, what happened to the turtles and the horses?

How did so many birds and bats fall into a lake?

And how are all of these things preserved so perfectly, with so much of their bones,

feathers, and fur in place?

Well, one clue is that, in order for the turtles to have fossilized while mating, they must

have died really quickly.

And in order to preserve flying animals like birds and bats, the event would've had to

affect not just those in and around the lake, but also those that lived above it.

So, one possible explanation for all of this is that there was a big bloom of cyanobacteria.

We see this happen sometimes in lakes today.

Cyanobacteria can grow out of control in warm, nutrient-rich water, and release chemicals

so toxic that any animal that ingests them dies almost instantly.

Blooms of cyanobacteria are also seasonal, and there's some indication that many of

the fossilized animals at Messel died during late Spring or early Summer that's when modern

horses tend to be pregnant, and when modern turtles tend to mate.

And these kinds of bacterial blooms could have killed birds and bats, if they drank

the toxic water.

This explanation, proposed by German scientists in 2004, is a good one.

But there's still one big problem: those turtles.

After all, these were aquatic turtles.

They lived in this lake, and presumably ingested its water all the time.

Cyanobacteria would have killed them long before they had a chance to mate.

And even more troublesome, there's plenty of algae preserved in the lake, but there's

no fossil evidence of cyanobacteria.

So if it wasn't cyanobacteria, then what was it?

Well, that relates back to the lake itself, and why it was there in the first place.

Lake Messel formed in a steep-sided volcanic crater called a maar.

We know this because the base of the lake is full of the broken volcanic rock that typically

fills a crater after a major eruption.

So, the crater filled with water.

But that didn't mean the volcano was done erupting.

Some scientists think that what happened at Messel is similar to what happened at another

Maar, called Lake Nyos in Cameroon, West Africa in 1986 -- it was an eruption of carbon dioxide.

Volcanic gases can be instantly deadly, and eruptions of carbon dioxide are known in Swahili

as mazukus or evil winds – invisible clouds of gas that asphyxiate anything in their path.

A sudden release of CO2 would have choked out anything in the water, as well as anything

by the water, and anything above the water – from mating turtles, to pregnant horses,

to bats, all at the same time.

And Mazukus can happen in a couple of different ways.

For example, the magma chamber that made the crater of Lake Messel could have just released

a whole bunch of CO2 all at once, like a big, nasty volcanic burp.

And this can happen if magma comes in contact with carbon-rich rocks.

Or, Messel could have undergone what's known as a limnic eruption, where CO2 that was dissolved

in the lake water was suddenly released.

CO2 dissolves in water, which is normally not a problem.

But in deep, still-water lakes, dissolved gases can separate into layers, in a process

called stratification.

Heavy gases, like CO2, will sink to the bottom of the lake, while lighter gases, like oxygen,

will stay close to the top.

This is what most likely happened at Lake Nyos in 1986.

A thick layer of dissolved carbon dioxide built up at the bottom of the lake.

And then something shook up the layers of gas in the water, causing the CO2 to race

to the surface and eventually form a Mazuku.

The trigger could've been an underwater landslide, or an earthquake, or a large amount

of water entering the lake at once, like during a big flood.

We're still not totally sure what caused Lake Nyos to erupt, and we definitely don't

know what triggered the lake at Messel.

But because the fossils of Messel were preserved over long periods of time, it seems likely

that Mazukus struck there more than once.

After each release of carbon dioxide, the animals in and around the lake died.

Then the gas slowly built up again in the water, until something disturbed it, and the

cycle of death happened all over again.

But Mazukus would have only killed the animals of Messel.

They didn't preserve them.

The reason the animals were so well preserved was because of the chemistry of the lake itself.

Once the animals died, they sunk into the still, cold, CO2-rich waters at the bottom

of the lake.

With so much CO2 and so little oxygen, the lake bottom wasn't habitable, which kept

scavengers from disturbing the corpses.

That's why so many fossils are preserved as articulated skeletons.

But anaerobic bacteria could thrive in this environment, and they got to work.

Harder tissues like hair, feathers, and bones were more resistant to the bacteria, but the

bacteria could eat away at the soft tissues, like skin, muscles, and organs.

Then, the chemical byproducts of this decay reacted with dissolved iron in the oxygen-poor

waters to create a mineral called siderite.

This mineral slowly settled onto the bacteria and preserved them in place, leaving a layer

of siderite around the organs and soft tissues.

Then, this layer became filled with oily organic material, and over time, it created dark shadowy

haloes around fleshy tissues like skin and organs.

Finally, all of this material fossilized into the rocks that those miners found, millions

of years later.

Small particles of mud and clay drifted down to cover the remains.

As the layers built up, their weight compressed the fossils and dirt into thin layers called

varves.

Some layers built up at only a hundredth of a millimeter a year, an entire year of sediment

crammed into a layer that's thinner than a page of your favorite novel.

And there are a lot of varves in Messel.

In fact, there's a varve for each of the approximately 1 million to 1 and a half million

years of deposition that occurred there about 47 million years ago.

These thin pages of oily muck captured not just the death of the animals, but also how

they lived, what they ate, and – quite literally- who they loved.

So it was the truly remarkable combination of all of these steps – rapid death, followed

by bacterial decay, then siderite, and oil, and the formation of varves – that preserved

the beautiful fossils found in the Messel Pit.

And that's also why Lagerstätten are so rare.

They're the sum of dozens of just-right conditions, which don't happen every day.

So when we do find a lagerstatte, we have to protect it.

And at first, the Messel pit was excavated for one specific type of fossil: the fossilized

algae that had long since turned into oil, permeating the spaces between grains of mud,

to form oil shale.

But when mining stopped in the 1970's, the German government considered turning the pit

into a garbage dump.

Thankfully, a group stepped in, to keep the complex and beautiful story of Messel -- which

began with that peaceful scene 47 million years ago -- from being lost forever, to time

and trash.

Thanks for joining me today, and thanks to all of our patrons who help make these videos

possible.

And we want to thank our first two eontologists, Duncan Miller and David Rasmussen.

Thank you so much for your support!

If you'd like to join them, head over to patreon.com/eons and pledge for some neat

and nerdy rewards.

And, if you're interested, like I am, in how things came to be, then I beseech you

to check out our new sister channel from PBS Digital Studios, America From Scratch, which

which explores all of the opportunities, both past and future, of the great experiment that is

America.

Now, what do you want to know about the history of life on Earth?

Let me know in the comments!

And if you haven't already, be sure to go to youtube.com/eons and subscribe!

For more infomation >> The Mystery of the Eocene's Lethal Lake - Duration: 8:34.

-------------------------------------------

Latinos nominados a los MTV Video Music Awards | Suelta La Sopa | Entretenimiento - Duration: 0:33.

For more infomation >> Latinos nominados a los MTV Video Music Awards | Suelta La Sopa | Entretenimiento - Duration: 0:33.

-------------------------------------------

KODI KILLER BUILD 🔥 FOR KODI 17.6 KRYPTON 2018 🔥 MR BLAMO KODI WIZARD 🔥 LIVE TV MOVIES ON KODI - Duration: 14:04.

Hello guys

this is kodi best build

back with you agian

with another amazing video

in this video

am gonna show you guys

how to install kod killer build

on your amazon fire stick or any device

working well for kodi krypton

will never get better than this great kodi build

working really amazing on

kodi 17.6

and all kod krypton versions

dont forget guys

to subscribe

to my channel

*join me on the facebook group

share the video with your friends and family

thanks a lot

for your time

For more infomation >> KODI KILLER BUILD 🔥 FOR KODI 17.6 KRYPTON 2018 🔥 MR BLAMO KODI WIZARD 🔥 LIVE TV MOVIES ON KODI - Duration: 14:04.

-------------------------------------------

又瘦又矮的周冬雨靠什么赢了一众大长腿的女星？ - Duration: 9:09.

For more infomation >> 又瘦又矮的周冬雨靠什么赢了一众大长腿的女星？ - Duration: 9:09.

-------------------------------------------

Kia Picanto 1.0 Comfortplusline Navigator Nap Navi Airco Lmv - Duration: 1:05.

For more infomation >> Kia Picanto 1.0 Comfortplusline Navigator Nap Navi Airco Lmv - Duration: 1:05.

-------------------------------------------

SUMMER LOOKBOOK |Ariana mvl - Duration: 4:15.

For more infomation >> SUMMER LOOKBOOK |Ariana mvl - Duration: 4:15.

-------------------------------------------

Opel Insignia Grand Sport 1.5 Turbo 165pk Automaat, Business Executive ** Full Options * - Duration: 0:54.

For more infomation >> Opel Insignia Grand Sport 1.5 Turbo 165pk Automaat, Business Executive ** Full Options * - Duration: 0:54.

-------------------------------------------

孙俪代言国产白象成网红方便面，价格是亮点，网友：直接碾压康师傅 - Duration: 2:45.

For more infomation >> 孙俪代言国产白象成网红方便面，价格是亮点，网友：直接碾压康师傅 - Duration: 2:45.

-------------------------------------------

Volkswagen up! 1.0 60PK High up! 5D Achteruitrijcamera | Cruise Control | Airco - Duration: 1:13.

For more infomation >> Volkswagen up! 1.0 60PK High up! 5D Achteruitrijcamera | Cruise Control | Airco - Duration: 1:13.

-------------------------------------------

国乒下月将暂分为2队！马龙丁宁阻击日本 其余1队全力争夺5块金牌 - Duration: 2:57.

For more infomation >> 国乒下月将暂分为2队！马龙丁宁阻击日本 其余1队全力争夺5块金牌 - Duration: 2:57.

-------------------------------------------

Opel Corsa 3 drs 1.0 Turbo 90pk Edition | Stoelverwarming - Duration: 1:07.

For more infomation >> Opel Corsa 3 drs 1.0 Turbo 90pk Edition | Stoelverwarming - Duration: 1:07.

-------------------------------------------

休息被说成停工，心脏弱被说成心脏病，赵丽颖休个假也被造谣？ - Duration: 8:00.

For more infomation >> 休息被说成停工，心脏弱被说成心脏病，赵丽颖休个假也被造谣？ - Duration: 8:00.

-------------------------------------------

Ils n'étaient pas sûrs de vouloir un chien, jusqu'au jour où une Pitbull leur a tendu la patte… - Duration: 4:34.

For more infomation >> Ils n'étaient pas sûrs de vouloir un chien, jusqu'au jour où une Pitbull leur a tendu la patte… - Duration: 4:34.

-------------------------------------------

For more infomation >> Ils n'étaient pas sûrs de vouloir un chien, jusqu'au jour où une Pitbull leur a tendu la patte… - Duration: 4:34.

-------------------------------------------

Testimonial: Checks n Balances Business Services - Duration: 1:22.

(lively music)

My name is Lana Sheppard, and I'm the owner

of Checks n Balances Business Services Inc.

We provide professional bookkeeping

and payroll services to small businesses

and entrepreneurs across Saskatchewan.

As a Saskatchewan employer, I'm proud

to be able to offer a Saskatchewan Pension Plan.

It's an excellent plan, even if you're starting out

as a brand-new business, to be able to control

how many dollars, keep it simple, very little administrative

and be able to offer the benefits to your employees.

As a busy business owner, it's painless.

Part of our services that we offer

to our clients is payroll services,

and when we are onboarding new clients,

one of the items that we do cover

is benefits for employees, and we do share

the Saskatchewan Pension Plan information

with our new clients.

The Saskatchewan Pension Plan staff are absolute rock stars.

I feel good as an employer being able to contribute

into the Saskatchewan Pension Plan for my employees

and know days gone by that when they do actually retire,

that I've been able to play a part in that.

I know by investing in the Saskatchewan Pension Plan

for my employees and for myself,

that it will give me peace of mind for the future.

(lively music)

For more infomation >> Testimonial: Checks n Balances Business Services - Duration: 1:22.

-------------------------------------------

For more infomation >> Testimonial: Checks n Balances Business Services - Duration: 1:22.

-------------------------------------------

Nissan QASHQAI 1.2 N-CONNECTA NIEUW MODEL Dak / Camera / 18" - Duration: 0:54.

For more infomation >> Nissan QASHQAI 1.2 N-CONNECTA NIEUW MODEL Dak / Camera / 18" - Duration: 0:54.

-------------------------------------------

For more infomation >> Nissan QASHQAI 1.2 N-CONNECTA NIEUW MODEL Dak / Camera / 18" - Duration: 0:54.

-------------------------------------------

Nissan Pulsar 1.2 DIG-T N-CONNECTA *DEMOVOORDEEL* - Duration: 1:13.

For more infomation >> Nissan Pulsar 1.2 DIG-T N-CONNECTA *DEMOVOORDEEL* - Duration: 1:13.

-------------------------------------------

For more infomation >> Nissan Pulsar 1.2 DIG-T N-CONNECTA *DEMOVOORDEEL* - Duration: 1:13.

-------------------------------------------

The Mystery of the Eocene's Lethal Lake - Duration: 8:34.

47 million years ago, the world was a hothouse.

Lush jungles covered much of the globe, stretching far from the equator, and they were rife with

mammals.

This was life in the Eocene Epoch.

And around a quiet lake in what's now Germany, a typical scene was unfolding in late spring.

Crocodiles patrolled the waters.

Bats and birds flew overhead.

Horses, many of them pregnant, came by for a drink.

And turtles were … having turtle sex.

But then, all of these animals died, and quickly, tumbling down to their final resting place

at the bottom of the lake.

Then it happened again.

And again, probably over thousands of years.

In time, the lake filled with corpses.

No one would discover this eerie scene until the 1800's, when miners began working in

exposed deposits of mud, near the town of Messel, Germany.

They were extracting oil from the rock.

And along with the oil, they found phenomenal fossils from those events 47 million years

ago.

The fossils were so beautifully preserved, it was as if the rocks had captured snapshots

of life in the Eocene.

The fossils contained early mammals with their hair still intact, birds with feathers, and

turtles that died right in the middle of mating, the first known vertebrates found to have

fossilized while doing the deed.

What a way to go.

But what happened to these Eocene animals?

And why were their remains so exquisitely preserved?

The answers lie at the bottom of Germany's lethal lake.

The fossil pit at Messel is one of the world's best examples of a Lagerstätte, an area of

especially amazing fossil preservation.

It may sound like some kind of beer, but Lagerstätte means "storage place", and in the lake

deposits of Messel, it's not just bones that were stored away.

Take the holotype of Darwinius, an early lemur-like primate.

Not only are all of its bones present in Messel, but the fossil also has a full body of hair

still intact, proving it was just as cute and fuzzy as you might have guessed.

Or look at the fossils of the early horse Eurohippus, some of which still have leaves

preserved in their guts.

Eight of the Eurohippus specimens found at Messel were pregnant, and their fetuses were

preserved as well.

Still other fossils reveal black outlines of animals' bodies impressed into the rock,

showing pudgy bellies, big ears, and sleek silhouettes in a way that bones alone never

could.

But it's not just the level of preservation that sets Messel apart.

Even more interesting are the types of animals preserved there.

Some of the earliest known bat fossils anywhere come from Messel, preserved as full skeletons

with the outlines of wings and ears.

These beautiful specimens have shown paleontologists that bats started looking like bats a very

long time ago – and that echolocation developed much earlier than we once thought.

And bats aren't the only flying animals that show up.

One of the most common animals found in Messel are birds, complete with feathers that have

melanosomes -- the cellular structures that contain pigment -- still intact.

So far, Messel has turned up 70 species of birds, and 8 species of bats, which is an

incredible abundance of these kinds of animals that tend not to fossilize very well.

But perhaps even stranger than the flying animals are the turtles.

Maybe it doesn't sound strange to find fossil turtles in a big lake deposit, but it's

pretty strange to find nine sets of them fossilized in the middle of mating.

So, what happened to the turtles and the horses?

How did so many birds and bats fall into a lake?

And how are all of these things preserved so perfectly, with so much of their bones,

feathers, and fur in place?

Well, one clue is that, in order for the turtles to have fossilized while mating, they must

have died really quickly.

And in order to preserve flying animals like birds and bats, the event would've had to

affect not just those in and around the lake, but also those that lived above it.

So, one possible explanation for all of this is that there was a big bloom of cyanobacteria.

We see this happen sometimes in lakes today.

Cyanobacteria can grow out of control in warm, nutrient-rich water, and release chemicals

so toxic that any animal that ingests them dies almost instantly.

Blooms of cyanobacteria are also seasonal, and there's some indication that many of

the fossilized animals at Messel died during late Spring or early Summer that's when modern

horses tend to be pregnant, and when modern turtles tend to mate.

And these kinds of bacterial blooms could have killed birds and bats, if they drank

the toxic water.

This explanation, proposed by German scientists in 2004, is a good one.

But there's still one big problem: those turtles.

After all, these were aquatic turtles.

They lived in this lake, and presumably ingested its water all the time.

Cyanobacteria would have killed them long before they had a chance to mate.

And even more troublesome, there's plenty of algae preserved in the lake, but there's

no fossil evidence of cyanobacteria.

So if it wasn't cyanobacteria, then what was it?

Well, that relates back to the lake itself, and why it was there in the first place.

Lake Messel formed in a steep-sided volcanic crater called a maar.

We know this because the base of the lake is full of the broken volcanic rock that typically

fills a crater after a major eruption.

So, the crater filled with water.

But that didn't mean the volcano was done erupting.

Some scientists think that what happened at Messel is similar to what happened at another

Maar, called Lake Nyos in Cameroon, West Africa in 1986 -- it was an eruption of carbon dioxide.

Volcanic gases can be instantly deadly, and eruptions of carbon dioxide are known in Swahili

as mazukus or evil winds – invisible clouds of gas that asphyxiate anything in their path.

A sudden release of CO2 would have choked out anything in the water, as well as anything

by the water, and anything above the water – from mating turtles, to pregnant horses,

to bats, all at the same time.

And Mazukus can happen in a couple of different ways.

For example, the magma chamber that made the crater of Lake Messel could have just released

a whole bunch of CO2 all at once, like a big, nasty volcanic burp.

And this can happen if magma comes in contact with carbon-rich rocks.

Or, Messel could have undergone what's known as a limnic eruption, where CO2 that was dissolved

in the lake water was suddenly released.

CO2 dissolves in water, which is normally not a problem.

But in deep, still-water lakes, dissolved gases can separate into layers, in a process

called stratification.

Heavy gases, like CO2, will sink to the bottom of the lake, while lighter gases, like oxygen,

will stay close to the top.

This is what most likely happened at Lake Nyos in 1986.

A thick layer of dissolved carbon dioxide built up at the bottom of the lake.

And then something shook up the layers of gas in the water, causing the CO2 to race

to the surface and eventually form a Mazuku.

The trigger could've been an underwater landslide, or an earthquake, or a large amount

of water entering the lake at once, like during a big flood.

We're still not totally sure what caused Lake Nyos to erupt, and we definitely don't

know what triggered the lake at Messel.

But because the fossils of Messel were preserved over long periods of time, it seems likely

that Mazukus struck there more than once.

After each release of carbon dioxide, the animals in and around the lake died.

Then the gas slowly built up again in the water, until something disturbed it, and the

cycle of death happened all over again.

But Mazukus would have only killed the animals of Messel.

They didn't preserve them.

The reason the animals were so well preserved was because of the chemistry of the lake itself.

Once the animals died, they sunk into the still, cold, CO2-rich waters at the bottom

of the lake.

With so much CO2 and so little oxygen, the lake bottom wasn't habitable, which kept

scavengers from disturbing the corpses.

That's why so many fossils are preserved as articulated skeletons.

But anaerobic bacteria could thrive in this environment, and they got to work.

Harder tissues like hair, feathers, and bones were more resistant to the bacteria, but the

bacteria could eat away at the soft tissues, like skin, muscles, and organs.

Then, the chemical byproducts of this decay reacted with dissolved iron in the oxygen-poor

waters to create a mineral called siderite.

This mineral slowly settled onto the bacteria and preserved them in place, leaving a layer

of siderite around the organs and soft tissues.

Then, this layer became filled with oily organic material, and over time, it created dark shadowy

haloes around fleshy tissues like skin and organs.

Finally, all of this material fossilized into the rocks that those miners found, millions

of years later.

Small particles of mud and clay drifted down to cover the remains.

As the layers built up, their weight compressed the fossils and dirt into thin layers called

varves.

Some layers built up at only a hundredth of a millimeter a year, an entire year of sediment

crammed into a layer that's thinner than a page of your favorite novel.

And there are a lot of varves in Messel.

In fact, there's a varve for each of the approximately 1 million to 1 and a half million

years of deposition that occurred there about 47 million years ago.

These thin pages of oily muck captured not just the death of the animals, but also how

they lived, what they ate, and – quite literally- who they loved.

So it was the truly remarkable combination of all of these steps – rapid death, followed

by bacterial decay, then siderite, and oil, and the formation of varves – that preserved

the beautiful fossils found in the Messel Pit.

And that's also why Lagerstätten are so rare.

They're the sum of dozens of just-right conditions, which don't happen every day.

So when we do find a lagerstatte, we have to protect it.

And at first, the Messel pit was excavated for one specific type of fossil: the fossilized

algae that had long since turned into oil, permeating the spaces between grains of mud,

to form oil shale.

But when mining stopped in the 1970's, the German government considered turning the pit

into a garbage dump.

Thankfully, a group stepped in, to keep the complex and beautiful story of Messel -- which

began with that peaceful scene 47 million years ago -- from being lost forever, to time

and trash.

Thanks for joining me today, and thanks to all of our patrons who help make these videos

possible.

And we want to thank our first two eontologists, Duncan Miller and David Rasmussen.

Thank you so much for your support!

If you'd like to join them, head over to patreon.com/eons and pledge for some neat

and nerdy rewards.

And, if you're interested, like I am, in how things came to be, then I beseech you

to check out our new sister channel from PBS Digital Studios, America From Scratch, which

which explores all of the opportunities, both past and future, of the great experiment that is

America.

Now, what do you want to know about the history of life on Earth?

Let me know in the comments!

And if you haven't already, be sure to go to youtube.com/eons and subscribe!

For more infomation >> The Mystery of the Eocene's Lethal Lake - Duration: 8:34.

-------------------------------------------

For more infomation >> The Mystery of the Eocene's Lethal Lake - Duration: 8:34.

-------------------------------------------

Cartoons That Illustrate The Reality Of Life - Ep. #2 - Duration: 4:10.

Reality Of Life Series - Episode #1

For more infomation >> Cartoons That Illustrate The Reality Of Life - Ep. #2 - Duration: 4:10.

-------------------------------------------

For more infomation >> Cartoons That Illustrate The Reality Of Life - Ep. #2 - Duration: 4:10.

-------------------------------------------

林心如带孩子出席活动，小宝宝紧紧抓住妈妈的手，网友：高颜值! - Duration: 4:58.

For more infomation >> 林心如带孩子出席活动，小宝宝紧紧抓住妈妈的手，网友：高颜值! - Duration: 4:58.

-------------------------------------------

For more infomation >> 林心如带孩子出席活动，小宝宝紧紧抓住妈妈的手，网友：高颜值! - Duration: 4:58.

-------------------------------------------

車世界 ✭ 全身ブラックでコーディネイトした特別仕様車「ホンダN-BOXスラッシュ･インディロックスタイル」発売 - 車のエンタメ＆面白 - Duration: 2:54.

For more infomation >> 車世界 ✭ 全身ブラックでコーディネイトした特別仕様車「ホンダN-BOXスラッシュ･インディロックスタイル」発売 - 車のエンタメ＆面白 - Duration: 2:54.

-------------------------------------------

For more infomation >> 車世界 ✭ 全身ブラックでコーディネイトした特別仕様車「ホンダN-BOXスラッシュ･インディロックスタイル」発売 - 車のエンタメ＆面白 - Duration: 2:54.

-------------------------------------------

✅ McDonald's lanceert een gratis (!) kledinglijn en stiekem willen we alles! - Duration: 2:14.

 McDonald's viert op donderdag 19 juli McDelivery Day. Voor die gelegenheid krijg je naast kortingen op je bestelling ook gratis (ja, gratis) een item uit de nieuwe kledinglijn van de fastfoodketen

En die is leuker dan je zou denken. Fans van McDonald's kunnen hun liefde voor de hamburgerketen binnenkort delen met de wereld

De fastfoodketen komt namelijk op de proppen met een kledinglijn. En alles van de collectie kan je helemaal gratis en voor niets bij je bestelling krijgen

Al zal je daar vanuit België wel een beetje moeite voor moeten doen.McDelivery Day Op donderdag 19 juli viert McDonald's z'n jaarlijkse McDelivery Day

Dit jaar gaat die gepaard met kortingen, maar ook met de lancering van de '90s Throwback Collection', een kledinglijn van de hamburgerketen

 Wie op 19 juli via UberEats een bestelling plaatst, mag gratis een stuk uit de collectie aan z'n bestelling toevoegen

De actie is jammer genoeg niet beschikbaar in ons land, maar wel in Nederland. Tijd dus om eventjes over de grens te rijden en daar een McDo-bestelling te plaatsen

Of je kan natuurlijk gebruik maken van je connecties uit het noorden. Want de stukken uit de collectie zijn de moeite meer dan waard

De collectie bestaat uit T-shirts en truien . maar er is ook een joggingbroekVerder is er ook een jeansvest met McDonald's-patches verkrijgbaarEn twee paar sokken, waarbij je kan kiezen tussen frietjes of een burgerNet als gadgets zoals een bandana, een pop socket en pinsMaar het pronkstuk van de collectie is zonder twijfel deze buideltas bedrukt met BigMacs

For more infomation >> ✅ McDonald's lanceert een gratis (!) kledinglijn en stiekem willen we alles! - Duration: 2:14.

-------------------------------------------

For more infomation >> ✅ McDonald's lanceert een gratis (!) kledinglijn en stiekem willen we alles! - Duration: 2:14.

-------------------------------------------

I'm Not Good Enough For God To Bless - Pastor David Uth - First Baptist Orlando - Duration: 1:23.

You know what I find, most of us feel like we're not good enough. You ever been

sitting in church and go, "You know I'm not really good enough for God to

bless. I'm not good enough. I don't feel worthy sitting here." Let me tell you, I've

had that thought too many times when God's been good to me. I just think, "God I don't

deserve this. I'm not good enough." Well let me just

give you a little encouragement. You're not good enough. You say, "What's the

encouragement there?" You're not good enough...but Jesus is good enough and He

has invited you through His blood. He has invited you. So this morning when we

worshipped, we had an audience with God God was here. We were in his presence.

When you pray you are before Him, so what in the world gives us the right to

be in His presence and to have an audience with God? There is only one

thing and that is the blood of His Son Jesus. Paul said in Ephesians that it "was

through Jesus Christ that we who were far off have been brought near by the

blood of Christ." So welcome to the presence of God.

For more infomation >> I'm Not Good Enough For God To Bless - Pastor David Uth - First Baptist Orlando - Duration: 1:23.

-------------------------------------------

Binghamton-JC sewage treatment plant receives additional $20M in state funding for plant rehab - Duration: 1:01.

For more infomation >> Binghamton-JC sewage treatment plant receives additional $20M in state funding for plant rehab - Duration: 1:01.

-------------------------------------------

BMW X5 3.0d xDrive High Executive Design Edition M-Sport | 7 Persoons | Shadow Line | Surround View - Duration: 1:14.

For more infomation >> BMW X5 3.0d xDrive High Executive Design Edition M-Sport | 7 Persoons | Shadow Line | Surround View - Duration: 1:14.

-------------------------------------------

ブチッ!食べにくい野菜に容赦ない!おもしろ可愛い癒しハムスターFunny hamster that does not forgive vegetables that are hard to eat - Duration: 1:24.

Thanks for subscribing to my channel!Please RT!

For more infomation >> ブチッ!食べにくい野菜に容赦ない!おもしろ可愛い癒しハムスターFunny hamster that does not forgive vegetables that are hard to eat - Duration: 1:24.

-------------------------------------------

The Mystery of the Eocene's Lethal Lake - Duration: 8:34.

47 million years ago, the world was a hothouse.

Lush jungles covered much of the globe, stretching far from the equator, and they were rife with

mammals.

This was life in the Eocene Epoch.

And around a quiet lake in what's now Germany, a typical scene was unfolding in late spring.

Crocodiles patrolled the waters.

Bats and birds flew overhead.

Horses, many of them pregnant, came by for a drink.

And turtles were … having turtle sex.

But then, all of these animals died, and quickly, tumbling down to their final resting place

at the bottom of the lake.

Then it happened again.

And again, probably over thousands of years.

In time, the lake filled with corpses.

No one would discover this eerie scene until the 1800's, when miners began working in

exposed deposits of mud, near the town of Messel, Germany.

They were extracting oil from the rock.

And along with the oil, they found phenomenal fossils from those events 47 million years

ago.

The fossils were so beautifully preserved, it was as if the rocks had captured snapshots

of life in the Eocene.

The fossils contained early mammals with their hair still intact, birds with feathers, and

turtles that died right in the middle of mating, the first known vertebrates found to have

fossilized while doing the deed.

What a way to go.

But what happened to these Eocene animals?

And why were their remains so exquisitely preserved?

The answers lie at the bottom of Germany's lethal lake.

The fossil pit at Messel is one of the world's best examples of a Lagerstätte, an area of

especially amazing fossil preservation.

It may sound like some kind of beer, but Lagerstätte means "storage place", and in the lake

deposits of Messel, it's not just bones that were stored away.

Take the holotype of Darwinius, an early lemur-like primate.

Not only are all of its bones present in Messel, but the fossil also has a full body of hair

still intact, proving it was just as cute and fuzzy as you might have guessed.

Or look at the fossils of the early horse Eurohippus, some of which still have leaves

preserved in their guts.

Eight of the Eurohippus specimens found at Messel were pregnant, and their fetuses were

preserved as well.

Still other fossils reveal black outlines of animals' bodies impressed into the rock,

showing pudgy bellies, big ears, and sleek silhouettes in a way that bones alone never

could.

But it's not just the level of preservation that sets Messel apart.

Even more interesting are the types of animals preserved there.

Some of the earliest known bat fossils anywhere come from Messel, preserved as full skeletons

with the outlines of wings and ears.

These beautiful specimens have shown paleontologists that bats started looking like bats a very

long time ago – and that echolocation developed much earlier than we once thought.

And bats aren't the only flying animals that show up.

One of the most common animals found in Messel are birds, complete with feathers that have

melanosomes -- the cellular structures that contain pigment -- still intact.

So far, Messel has turned up 70 species of birds, and 8 species of bats, which is an

incredible abundance of these kinds of animals that tend not to fossilize very well.

But perhaps even stranger than the flying animals are the turtles.

Maybe it doesn't sound strange to find fossil turtles in a big lake deposit, but it's

pretty strange to find nine sets of them fossilized in the middle of mating.

So, what happened to the turtles and the horses?

How did so many birds and bats fall into a lake?

And how are all of these things preserved so perfectly, with so much of their bones,

feathers, and fur in place?

Well, one clue is that, in order for the turtles to have fossilized while mating, they must

have died really quickly.

And in order to preserve flying animals like birds and bats, the event would've had to

affect not just those in and around the lake, but also those that lived above it.

So, one possible explanation for all of this is that there was a big bloom of cyanobacteria.

We see this happen sometimes in lakes today.

Cyanobacteria can grow out of control in warm, nutrient-rich water, and release chemicals

so toxic that any animal that ingests them dies almost instantly.

Blooms of cyanobacteria are also seasonal, and there's some indication that many of

the fossilized animals at Messel died during late Spring or early Summer that's when modern

horses tend to be pregnant, and when modern turtles tend to mate.

And these kinds of bacterial blooms could have killed birds and bats, if they drank

the toxic water.

This explanation, proposed by German scientists in 2004, is a good one.

But there's still one big problem: those turtles.

After all, these were aquatic turtles.

They lived in this lake, and presumably ingested its water all the time.

Cyanobacteria would have killed them long before they had a chance to mate.

And even more troublesome, there's plenty of algae preserved in the lake, but there's

no fossil evidence of cyanobacteria.

So if it wasn't cyanobacteria, then what was it?

Well, that relates back to the lake itself, and why it was there in the first place.

Lake Messel formed in a steep-sided volcanic crater called a maar.

We know this because the base of the lake is full of the broken volcanic rock that typically

fills a crater after a major eruption.

So, the crater filled with water.

But that didn't mean the volcano was done erupting.

Some scientists think that what happened at Messel is similar to what happened at another

Maar, called Lake Nyos in Cameroon, West Africa in 1986 -- it was an eruption of carbon dioxide.

Volcanic gases can be instantly deadly, and eruptions of carbon dioxide are known in Swahili

as mazukus or evil winds – invisible clouds of gas that asphyxiate anything in their path.

A sudden release of CO2 would have choked out anything in the water, as well as anything

by the water, and anything above the water – from mating turtles, to pregnant horses,

to bats, all at the same time.

And Mazukus can happen in a couple of different ways.

For example, the magma chamber that made the crater of Lake Messel could have just released

a whole bunch of CO2 all at once, like a big, nasty volcanic burp.

And this can happen if magma comes in contact with carbon-rich rocks.

Or, Messel could have undergone what's known as a limnic eruption, where CO2 that was dissolved

in the lake water was suddenly released.

CO2 dissolves in water, which is normally not a problem.

But in deep, still-water lakes, dissolved gases can separate into layers, in a process

called stratification.

Heavy gases, like CO2, will sink to the bottom of the lake, while lighter gases, like oxygen,

will stay close to the top.

This is what most likely happened at Lake Nyos in 1986.

A thick layer of dissolved carbon dioxide built up at the bottom of the lake.

And then something shook up the layers of gas in the water, causing the CO2 to race

to the surface and eventually form a Mazuku.

The trigger could've been an underwater landslide, or an earthquake, or a large amount

of water entering the lake at once, like during a big flood.

We're still not totally sure what caused Lake Nyos to erupt, and we definitely don't

know what triggered the lake at Messel.

But because the fossils of Messel were preserved over long periods of time, it seems likely

that Mazukus struck there more than once.

After each release of carbon dioxide, the animals in and around the lake died.

Then the gas slowly built up again in the water, until something disturbed it, and the

cycle of death happened all over again.

But Mazukus would have only killed the animals of Messel.

They didn't preserve them.

The reason the animals were so well preserved was because of the chemistry of the lake itself.

Once the animals died, they sunk into the still, cold, CO2-rich waters at the bottom

of the lake.

With so much CO2 and so little oxygen, the lake bottom wasn't habitable, which kept

scavengers from disturbing the corpses.

That's why so many fossils are preserved as articulated skeletons.

But anaerobic bacteria could thrive in this environment, and they got to work.

Harder tissues like hair, feathers, and bones were more resistant to the bacteria, but the

bacteria could eat away at the soft tissues, like skin, muscles, and organs.

Then, the chemical byproducts of this decay reacted with dissolved iron in the oxygen-poor

waters to create a mineral called siderite.

This mineral slowly settled onto the bacteria and preserved them in place, leaving a layer

of siderite around the organs and soft tissues.

Then, this layer became filled with oily organic material, and over time, it created dark shadowy

haloes around fleshy tissues like skin and organs.

Finally, all of this material fossilized into the rocks that those miners found, millions

of years later.

Small particles of mud and clay drifted down to cover the remains.

As the layers built up, their weight compressed the fossils and dirt into thin layers called

varves.

Some layers built up at only a hundredth of a millimeter a year, an entire year of sediment

crammed into a layer that's thinner than a page of your favorite novel.

And there are a lot of varves in Messel.

In fact, there's a varve for each of the approximately 1 million to 1 and a half million

years of deposition that occurred there about 47 million years ago.

These thin pages of oily muck captured not just the death of the animals, but also how

they lived, what they ate, and – quite literally- who they loved.

So it was the truly remarkable combination of all of these steps – rapid death, followed

by bacterial decay, then siderite, and oil, and the formation of varves – that preserved

the beautiful fossils found in the Messel Pit.

And that's also why Lagerstätten are so rare.

They're the sum of dozens of just-right conditions, which don't happen every day.

So when we do find a lagerstatte, we have to protect it.

And at first, the Messel pit was excavated for one specific type of fossil: the fossilized

algae that had long since turned into oil, permeating the spaces between grains of mud,

to form oil shale.

But when mining stopped in the 1970's, the German government considered turning the pit

into a garbage dump.

Thankfully, a group stepped in, to keep the complex and beautiful story of Messel -- which

began with that peaceful scene 47 million years ago -- from being lost forever, to time

and trash.

Thanks for joining me today, and thanks to all of our patrons who help make these videos

possible.

And we want to thank our first two eontologists, Duncan Miller and David Rasmussen.

Thank you so much for your support!

If you'd like to join them, head over to patreon.com/eons and pledge for some neat

and nerdy rewards.

And, if you're interested, like I am, in how things came to be, then I beseech you

to check out our new sister channel from PBS Digital Studios, America From Scratch, which

which explores all of the opportunities, both past and future, of the great experiment that is

America.

Now, what do you want to know about the history of life on Earth?

Let me know in the comments!

And if you haven't already, be sure to go to youtube.com/eons and subscribe!

For more infomation >> The Mystery of the Eocene's Lethal Lake - Duration: 8:34.

-------------------------------------------

Primitive Technology: Wood Ash Cement - Duration: 3:54.

Eucalyptus tree (any tree will do)

Fallen bark and leaves

The kiln

Hot coals

Burning a lot of material for its ash

Ash falls through grate

Fine white ash with nearly no charcoal in it

Adding ash to water

Stir well

Tip off excess water containing potash

Retain the paste which contains the insoluble calcium hydroxide and calcium carbonate

Compress into pellet

Take it to the forge (a kiln would also do on a larger scale)

Heat the pellet to an orange heat

Extract the pellet and let it cool

Slake pellet in water

Stir

Crush up old terracotta tiles (from previous project)

Add terracotta as aggregate (sand or gravel may also work though I've only tested this type)

Form into shape

Here's one I prepared 3 days earlier

It has set hard

Most importantly it will not dissolve in water

Wood ash cement

For more infomation >> Primitive Technology: Wood Ash Cement - Duration: 3:54.

-------------------------------------------

Life & Reading Update - Duration: 7:45.

Hey guys, it's Nat and today's video is going to be a life update slash reading update

video.

It's been a while since I've posted anything and I figured I'd catch y'all up on what's

been going on, where I've been, that stuff.

So I think I mentioned in a video or two last year that I was going to be going to college,

um, for my freshman year as a film student and I was moving from the East Coast to Texas,

uh, so it was quite a big move and I was busy with that and then also my freshman year of

college, you know.

So yeah, that was a big adjustment, uh, getting used to the college life and I ended up getting

an internship at a casting company, which was really cool and really fun, but also really

busy.

And I did film a couple of videos throughout the year, but I never got around to editing

them, and, yeah.

So, here we are now.

I'm back and I'm pre-filming a bunch of videos today.

So, hopefully I can spend the rest of this summer, kind of getting into a routine and

a schedule that I can stick to even throughout the school year, so, um, bear with me.

So, I think the last time I updated y'all on what I've been reading was like last

end of July, early August last year.

So, uh, we've got a lot to catch up on, but also like not really because I've been

kind of in and out of reading slumps, I've been reading for school and all that.

So, I mean, there's not as many books on the list of things that I've read since

last August as I would like there to be.

Um, but we will start off with…we will start off with The Name of the Wind by Patrick Rothfuss.

I read this kind of in a physical copy, but also, um, in audiobook.

My mom's borrowing it right now, so I don't have it with me.

I'll insert a picture here.

It's an adult high fantasy, it's kind of hard for me to explain the premise, but

it's really good and I gave it a 4.5 out of 5 stars on–uh rounded up to 5 stars on

Goodreads.

Okay, so the next book that I read was Dragonfly in Amber by Diana Gabaldon.

This is the second book in the Outlander series.

It's about time travel and Scotland and romance and it's fun.

I think I gave this book a 3.7 out of 5 stars, but I rounded up to 4 stars on Goodreads…

and, yeah.

This isn't my favorite book in the series so far, but I did enjoy it.

So, yeah, really good, highly recommend this series–this is adult though, not for the young'uns.

But, it's really good.

Alright, so the next four books that I read were all for my Cultural Identities and Differences

class that I took my first semester.

This first one was Difficult Conversations: How to Discuss What Matters Most by Douglas Stone.

The second book was Fresh Fruit, Broken Bodies: Migrant Farmworkers in the United States by

Seth Holmes.

The third book was The New Jim Crow: Mass Incarceration in the Age of Colorblindness

by Michelle Alexander.

And the last one was Evicted: Poverty and Profit in the American City by Matthew Desmond.

I feel like I don't need to explain what these books are about, all of the titles are

pretty self-explanatory.

All of these books were 5 star reads for me.

They discuss very important topics and very relevant topics here in the United States,

especially The New Jim Crow.

I think I learned the most from Fresh Fruit, Broken Bodies, um, really good read.

I think that's probably my favorite, just because I knew the least about that topic

going into it.

If you're looking to learn about big issues in the U.S., I recommend any of the last three

books that I mentioned.

The first one was, um, more so how to have a debate or how to argue with people, um,

in a productive way.

Highly recommend Difficult Conversations for anybody.

That's an important book, um, it has–it's just very useful for life.

So yeah, it's just a really useful book, I learned a lot from it and I'm really glad

that I read it.

Okay, so the next book that I read was for my Intro to Ancient Rome class my first semester

and that was The Aeneid by Virgil.

This may be my favorite book that I've ever read for school.

I loved it.

I don't know how I hadn't read it before because I read Homer back in like 6th grade,

I don't know why I didn't read The Aeneid, but I loved it.

Um, 5 out of 5 stars, I love it so much.

I'm really interested in like Ancient Roman history because my family is Italian, I have

family from Rome.

I'm actually really glad that I didn't read it until then because it was–it was

really cool to read it while learning the historical context behind it.

So yeah, 5 out of 5 stars on Goodreads for me.

I also read A Court of Wings and Ruin by Sarah J. Maas.

This is the third book in the A Court of Thorns and Roses series.

I love this series so much.

4 out of 5 stars, I think.

That's what I'd give it now.

It's just a fun read, you know.

Highly recommend this for anybody who's interested in like fairies and fantasy and

romance and–this is a new adult, um, series, so maybe not for like the young'uns, but if

you're like upper teens, you're good.

So, highly recommend.

I also read Siege and Storm by Leigh Bardugo.

Uh, I read this in physical copy at school, but I don't have the physical copy with

me, it is still in Texas.

This is the second book in the Shadow and Bone series–or trilogy, uh, by Leigh Bardugo.

I think I like the first one better, um, I have predictions for where this series is

gonna go and I'm not sure how I feel about it yet.

But, I'm excited to read, um, what's the next one?

Ruin and Rising.

But it'll have to wait until I get back to school because my copy of Ruin and Rising

is in Texas.

And the next two books I've read are Cinder and Scarlet by Marissa Meyer.

I've been listening to this series on audiobook and I'm loving it.

I can't believe it took me so long to get to it, but it's so good…and, yeah.

Sci-fi fairytale retellings, what's not to love?

Both of these books are a 4 out of 5 stars for me, they're just so much fun.

And finally, we have–ooh, I have this book.

Where is it?

It's upstairs.

I don't feel like getting it, so I–I'll put a picture up here.

We have Since You've Been Gone by Morgan Matson.

I don't read contemporary very often, but I've been a little bit, uh, in–kind of

a little bit in a contemporary mood.

And I loved The Unexpected Everything by Morgan Matson, so I was like, I should probably read

another one of her books and I did and she's now an auto-buy for me because I just–I

love her stories.

I love how she explores like family dynamics and like friendship dynamics as well.

And Since You've Been Gone was just so cute.

I loved it.

I loved it so much.

Again, I'm not much of a contemporary reader.

I–I'm very rarely in the mood for contemporary, but Morgan Matson…she's a great contemporary

writer, I love her books.

So, that is it…I think.

I hope I didn't forget anything.

I'm not the best at keeping up on–with like what I've been reading on Goodreads.

I need to work on that because if I don't put it on Goodreads or if I don't write

it down somewhere, then I'm never going to remember like everything that I've read.

So, that's it for this video.

If you enjoyed it, please give it a thumbs up.

And if you'd like to see more videos from me, because I promise, I will upload from

now on, go ahead and click that subscribe button as well.

Also, let me know down in the comments below what you've been reading, what you've

been enjoying, if you've read any of the books that I've read, if you enjoyed those,

uh, let me know!

But that's it for today's video.

Thank you guys for watching, and I'll see y'all soon!

Bye!

For more infomation >> Life & Reading Update - Duration: 7:45.

-------------------------------------------

Here's What I Think About the Chevy Impala in 1 Minute - Duration: 1:18.

rev up your engines

the pillow mafia says, is it bad that I prefer the Chevy Impala over Toyota

Avalon and Ford Taurus, well just means what you mean by bad and how you drive

now you're never gonna get the mileage out of a Chevy Impala that you will with

a Toyota Avalon, it will fall apart long before the Toyota, and the Ford Taurus

they were up in the air cars, some years were excellent, some were pieces of junk

so I mean the Toyotas are so much better made, now if you have an Impala

and if you drive conservatively, and you don't put a lot of miles on it, it might

last for years, but customers that I've had with Impalas, once they had a hundred

thousand miles, generally they started to fall apart if it was city driving and

they weren't happy, the transmissions went out, or the engines blew head

gaskets, or the air conditioning compressor blew up, they really weren't

happy with the cars in the long run, but if you drive low mileage, no car should

fall apart if you don't put many miles on it, so if you never want to miss

another one of my new car repair videos, remember to ring that Bell!

For more infomation >> Here's What I Think About the Chevy Impala in 1 Minute - Duration: 1:18.

-------------------------------------------

Here's who is rumoured to be going into Celebrity Big Brother 2018 - Duration: 11:38.

 Every year speculation is rife over who will be the next raft of desperately keen celebrities, hoping to resurrect careers, set records straight or just remind people who they are

 This year is no different - gossip pretty much started after Courtney Act / Shane J won the 2018 winter series at the beginning of the year

 The line-up tends to be an array of outspoken, controversial and beautiful stars both from the UK and other countries, mainly America or Australia

 Those rumoured to be entering the house for the summer 2018 series include everyone from a kidnapped glamour model to a relation of a very famous member of the Royal family and a reality star, known for her love of devouring men

 While it is still way too early for Channel 5 to confirm who their stars of CBB Summer 2018 will be, speculation is already mounting that it could be any (or all) of this lovely lot

John Leslie  CBB bosses are reportedly hopeful they can sign former This Morning presenter John Leslie up after he was cleared of sexual allegations recently

 He was offered big money last year to appear but turned it down.  A source told The Sun: "They hope the temptation of being back on telly will be enough to convince John to take part

"  John's career fell apart when he was wrongly connected to telly star Ulrika Johnson's sexual assault

She never revealed who her attacker was and John wasn't charged.  Producers apparently hope he'll have a lot to say and cause controversy on the new series

Ryan Thomas  He quit Coronation Street in 2016 to explore pastures new, and now Ryan Thomas has reportedly found said pasture in the form of Celebrity Big Brother

 "Ryan quit Corrie because he wanted to make more money and reality TV is the way to do that," a source told The Sun

 "His brother Adam was on I'm A Celebrity and his other brother was on Love Island, so he knows exactly how lucrative it can be to get a spot on one of those kind of shows

 "There's talk of a £500,000 as an appearance fee." Samantha Markle  The odds are on for Samantha after half-sister of The Duchess of Sussex crept into the headlines when it was revealed her father's staged paparazzi photos were masterminded by Samantha, 53

  She continued to stick in everyone's minds after it was announced she had had a car crash while trying to escape paparazzi, and her various TV appearances got pretty heated at times, including her GMB interview with Piers Morgan

 Meghan's estranged sister has claimed to have raised Meghan for 12 years, as she is 17 years older than her sister, and has revealed she is writing an autobiography called The Diary of Princess Pushy's Sister

  Betfair spokesperson Katie Baylis said: "CBB has really struggled in recent years in the face of competition from Love Island , but if they could snare Samantha Markle then you would guess the whole nation would be tuning in to get her thoughts on her royal sister

 "With that in mind Channel 5 will surely pay a pretty hefty price to get her and since she has already shown a love of appearing on British television to spill the beans on Meghan in the last year, we have it as 5/4 that she will be one of the housemates this summer

" Gabby Allen  Love Island's Gabby is reportedly keen to get back on primetime TV after the man she met on ITV2's dating show, Marcel Somerville, cheated on her

 When they met in the villa on the 2017 series of the hit show, fans thought they were a match made in heaven and after they left, they stayed together and were regularly spotted out on the showbiz circuit

 But shockingly news broke that Marcel had cheated on Gabby while they were on holiday - together!   A source told The Sun : "Gabby was devastated when she found out Marcel had cheated on her

She really thought he was the one and has been left heartbroken by what he did.   "Doing something like Celebrity Big Brother was never on her radar, but after their break up she wanted to do something challenging to help push her out of her comfort zone  "Enough time has passed now and she won't be afraid to tell all about their failed relationship and the effect it had on her

Chloe Ayling  Kidnapped British model Chloe is reportedly in talks for the new series after putting her ordeal behind her

 In June her kidnapper Lucasz Herba was sentenced to 16 years and nine months imprisonment after she was lured to Milan for a fake photoshoot

 Since her release, Chloe has been busy travelling and conducting TV interviews about the nightmare she suffered

 According to reports, she ticks all boxes for this summer's series.  A TV source told The Sun: "Chloe has previously said that she wouldn't do reality TV, but she is in talks to do the next series of Celebrity Big Brother

 "The premise of the series is retribution and people who have been wronged, so she definitely fits the bill from that perspective

 "It's not a done deal yet, but if she does sign, she would be in line for about £75k which isn't bad for a few weeks work

" Paul Cattermole   The Fame Game has been cruel to former S Club 7 hunk Paul Cattermole who has been reduced to flogging his old Brit Awards for some pocket money

 The Don't Stop Movin' star found himself back in the headlines, however, thanks to his online car boot sale antics

 While Paul confessed he had been rejected by jungle show I'm A Celebrity, but sounds optimistic he could appear on a celeb reality show following his Brit Awards sell off, telling Digital Spy: "when you look at some of the people they put in, it really is extended friends of famous people

Cousins of friends." Brendan Cole   In the world of reality shows, it's often a case that one door closes and another one opens - so perhaps recently fired Strictly Come Dancing dance professional Brendal Cole could be foxtrotting his way into the CBB house

  Brendan wouldn't be the first Strictly star to make it past the doors - as 'villain' James Jordan competed on CBB twice in the past

 With plenty of time on his hands, Brendan is rumoured to be in the sights of CBB bosses who want to add a dance star to the 2018 line-up

Charlotte Dawson  Les Dawson's daughter Charlotte is already racking up some impressive reality show credentials - having already featured on Ex on the Beach, Celebs Go Dating and Five Star Hotel

 As fellow Ex on the Beach star Jess Impiazzi did well on the last series of CBB, bosses are said to be keen to snap up Charlotte to add some raunchy glamour to the house

 "We know it's what the audience want to see more of," a show source told the Daily Star

Mehgan James  A series of Celebrity Big Brother wouldn't be complete without some kind of Keeping Up With The Kardashians hanger on - and now the time may be coming for Mehgan James to feature on the show

  After Khloe Kardashian's BFF Malika Huqq sparkled in the Winter season of CBB in January, and Kimmy K's BFF Jonathan Cheban featured in series 17, it could be time for Meghan

 She already has reality experience, having featured on US show Bad Girls Club, and last year she was romantically linked to Rob Kardashian

Andy Jordan  Those looking for some posh eye candy might see former Made In Chelsea star Andy on the show

 He quit the E4 series in 2015 to pursue a music career - but this has far from taken off, while CBB is an easy way to get back in the public eye

 Andy already has a Big Brother connection - having previously collaborated on a single with Big Brother 2015 contestant Cristian MJC

Bobby Norris  Having made a name for himself on The Only Way Is Essex, Bobby has been branching out into other reality show realms in recent months

  Last year he featured on compelling reality dating show Celebs Go Dating, and CBB could be next for the quick witted Essex boy

 "I've watched it literally since series one day one, and I'm on BOTS most series to be fair and I think I'd quite fancy the challenge of doing it, because I'm such a fan of the show," Bobby previously told The Sun, and confirmed he has had a "meeting" to appear as a potential contestant

  Katie Price ditches her knickers for sexy Instagram shot – but is MOCKED by David Walliams who says she looks "on the toilet" Katie Price  Anticipation was high that Katie Price could return to the Celebrity Big Brother house for the Winter 2018 series, and some fans were disappointed when she didn't appear

  But, as we all know, The Pricey is one with a clear mentality of 'Never Say Never', and she has already declared she would jump at the chance to appear on the show again - having previously won series 15 while simultaneously recovering from a botched breast surgery procedure

 "People asking if I'm going into big brother I'm not but I would do it again now I'm fighting fit," she tweeted ahead of the Winter 2018 series - suggesting Summer 2018 could yet be hers for the taking

Sinitta  No reality show is complete without some kind of rumour involving Sinitta - and it sounds like the star is keen to appear on the show, as long as her demands can be met

 "I want my puppy to visit me. I want a swearing ban, because I don't swear and people shouldn't be allowed to swear at me or around me," she told OK! magazine

 "I asked for a bodyguard who would stand with me at all times, especially when I'm asleep

If they provide alcohol then I want tequila because it's all I drink. Quite reasonable, really," she added

  The new series of Celebrity Big Brother starts on Friday August 17 on Channel 5

For more infomation >> Here's who is rumoured to be going into Celebrity Big Brother 2018 - Duration: 11:38.

-------------------------------------------

蘭潭擬蓋太陽能板？前嘉義市長黃敏惠表達反對 - Duration: 2:54.

For more infomation >> 蘭潭擬蓋太陽能板？前嘉義市長黃敏惠表達反對 - Duration: 2:54.

-------------------------------------------

台中》小英為台中打氣 盧秀燕批空汙打臉 - Duration: 6:59.

For more infomation >> 台中》小英為台中打氣 盧秀燕批空汙打臉 - Duration: 6:59.

-------------------------------------------

Ručno nabacivanje zidova [ Majstor na djelu ] - Duration: 7:32.

Ručno nabacivanje zidova [ Majstor na djelu ]

Ručno nabacivanje zidova [ Majstor na djelu ]

For more infomation >> Ručno nabacivanje zidova [ Majstor na djelu ] - Duration: 7:32.

-------------------------------------------

Menopausa: rimedi naturali efficaci per trattarla - Duration: 7:42.

For more infomation >> Menopausa: rimedi naturali efficaci per trattarla - Duration: 7:42.

-------------------------------------------

夜問打權》谷辣斯曾說「光復節是痛苦開始」 現在怎接中華民國政院發言人？ - Duration: 4:42.

For more infomation >> 夜問打權》谷辣斯曾說「光復節是痛苦開始」 現在怎接中華民國政院發言人？ - Duration: 4:42.

-------------------------------------------

嘉義市「夢想online」結合民間捐款 助弱勢存款理財 - Duration: 5:10.

For more infomation >> 嘉義市「夢想online」結合民間捐款 助弱勢存款理財 - Duration: 5:10.

-------------------------------------------

As 15 Coisas Sobre Mim - Duration: 2:57.

Talking people, Kratos evil

Sign up for the channel if you are not registered and activate the bell

And give a like in the video, because it helps the channel a lot to grow

Also pass on my partners channels (it's in the description)

We're in a video

That I'll tell you the 15 things about me

My First Videogame was the PlayStation 2, which I won in the year 2013

My biggest dream is to go to Spain in the city of Seville

I like to edit my videos in Adobe Premiere Pro

I'm 17 years old, in the year that this video was released

I have a dream to be Dj

I already took zero in a test of my school

This zero was in a Chemistry test, because I had not studied for test

I have a problem speaking

I already made money by editing Video

I earned a Spanish job

And then my colleagues paid me to edit for them

I like listening to sertanejas songs, pop, electronics and old songs

I never dated

I like studying several foreign languages

My favorite band is Maroon 5

I learned to like this band with my colleague.

Well I showed her and spoke well of her, so I enjoyed the band

The game that more game is the FIFA 18

In career coaching mode

I do gym with the goal of muscle hypertrophy

I never enroll in the ENEM (National High School Exam), but I intend to do

Thanks for watching this video and it's us.

For more infomation >> As 15 Coisas Sobre Mim - Duration: 2:57.

-------------------------------------------

Neighbours love triangle ended by shocking DEATH as Finn Kelly has revenge? - Duration: 3:24.

Neighbours love triangle ended by shocking DEATH as Finn Kelly has revenge?

Neighbours' Xanthe Canning (Lilly van der Meer) has had a seriously tough time recently, after being run down by Finn Kelly (Rob Mills), as he tried to take revenge for what she did to him last year.

Neighbours cast member Xanthe was seriously injured, and will suffer a number of seizures as she struggles to recover, which leave her in serious danger every time.  But before she suffered the horrific accident, she was intrigued by best friend Piper Willis' (Mavournee Hazel) love interest Cassius Grady.

While Piper and Cassius are set to grow even closer over the coming weeks, it looks like Xanthe and the gardener will too as he will start giving her physiotherapy treatment, giving Xanthe the perfect opportunity to see if their relationship could go further.

  The teenager is trying to hide the severity of her injuries to her nearest and dearest, as she is determined to become a doctor, which could have severe consequences as she continues having seizures — could Finn take his first victim in his sick revenge scheme? Before that, it looks like Xanthe and Piper's friendship could be put to the test by their joint love interest.

Lilly, speaking to Daily Star Online, thinks Xanthe will try and put her friendship with Piper before a boy, saying: "I hope they can overcome this together.

"I think she realises Piper and Cassius have an emotional connection, and she isn't sure a boy is the best thing for her right now.

"Also their relationship has formed a stronger bond than any man ever could with them, so its nice a male doesn't come between their friendship." But Lilly hinted: "There is a curiosity about Cassius for her, but she he isn't sure if there is a friendship there or she sees him a sexual partner.

"But she has been thinking, 'here is this new guy on the block, he is single and very attractive.

"She wonders if she could have that sort of pure love with him as she did with Ben." Will Piper and Xanthe end up battling for Cassius' affections? Neighbours continues tomorrow at 1.45pm on Channel 5.

For more infomation >> Neighbours love triangle ended by shocking DEATH as Finn Kelly has revenge? - Duration: 3:24.

-------------------------------------------

Fitbit Blaze Smart Fitness Watch Review # Fitbit Blaze Review # Fitbit Blaze Smart Fitness Watch!+ - Duration: 2:28.

Fitbit Blaze Smart Fitness Watch Review

Fitbit Blaze Smart Fitness Watch Review

Fitbit Blaze Smart Fitness Watch

Review

Fitbit Blaze

Smart Fitness Watch Review

Fitbit Blaze Smart Fitness Watch

Review

Fitbit Blaze Smart Fitness Watch Review Fitbit Blaze Smart Fitness Watch Review

For more infomation >> Fitbit Blaze Smart Fitness Watch Review # Fitbit Blaze Review # Fitbit Blaze Smart Fitness Watch!+ - Duration: 2:28.

-------------------------------------------

Fitbit Zip Review+ Fitbit Zip Wireless Activity Tracker. Fitbit Zip Wireless Activity Tracker Review - Duration: 1:47.

Fitbit Zip Wireless Activity Tracker Review

Fitbit Zip Wireless Activity Tracker Review

Fitbit Zip Wireless Activity Tracker Review

Fitbit Zip Wireless Activity Tracker Review

Fitbit Zip Wireless Activity Tracker Review

Fitbit Zip

Wireless Activity Tracker Review

Fitbit Zip Wireless Activity Tracker Review